Research Publications (Food Safety)

Mycotoxins, such as deoxynivalenol (DON) produced by Fusarium, are harmful fungal secondary metabolic products that cause economic losses and health risks to humans and livestock. Measures to control and prevent feed contamination with DON are necessary to ensure the safety of livestock. These include strategies based on preventing fungal contamination of feed or limiting contaminants in feed through mycotoxin adsorption and degradation.

Immune system activation alters the demand for amino acid (AA) supply, and amino acid-based nutritional strategies may mitigate performance reduction in pigs subjected to a sanitary challenge (SC).

Butyrate is a microbial-produced metabolite associated with increased barrier integrity, enhanced mucosal immunity, and modulation of immune cell function. Butyrate driven immunomodulation occurs through a variety of mechanisms, including signaling via cell surface G protein-coupled receptors. Myeloid lineage cells serve as one of the first lines of defense during infection.

Deficient ruminally available nitrogen caused by a basal diet of low-quality forage can limit microbial growth in the rumen and decrease forage utilization. Protein supplementation is well-documented to improve forage digestibility and performance. Additionally, starch has been evaluated to increase energy supply to grazing cattle when the forage cannot support adequate levels of production.

Low-quality forage provides a limited supply of ruminally available nitrogen and is generally resistant to digestion, inhibiting microbial growth in the rumen and ultimately decreasing forage utilization. Supplementation with protein is well documented to increase forage utilization by promoting microbial growth. Even when protein requirements are met, additional energy, often provided as starch, may be required to meet performance expectations.

Composting is a viable disposal option for livestock-mortalities and offal; however, is illegal in California due to the perceived risk of disease transfer, heavy metal and nutrient leaching into ground water. Objectives were to determine heavy metal and nutrient concentration in non- and livestock-mortality compost.

Abstract

Globally, maize (Zea mays L.) is deemed an important cereal that serves as a staple food and feed for humans and animals, respectively. Across the East African Community, maize is the staple food responsible for providing over one-third of calories in diets. Ideally, stored maize functions as man-made grain ecosystems, with nutritive quality changes influenced predominantly by chemical, biological, and physical factors.

The contamination of food and feed by mycotoxins, particularly zearalenone (ZEA) and deoxynivalenol (DON), is a global issue. Prenatal exposure to ZEA and DON can result in congenital cardiac malformations in fetuses. Addressing the prevention and mitigation of embryonic cardiotoxicity caused by these toxins is crucial. Citrus limonoid nomilin (NOM) is an extract known for its pathological properties in various diseases.

Antimicrobial resistance poses a major threat to global health and food security and is primarily driven by antimicrobial use in human and veterinary medicine. Understanding its epidemiology at farm level is crucial for effective control measures. Despite the significant reduction in antibiotic use in conventional livestock production, the swine sector traditionally has a higher level of antibiotic use in veterinary medicine.

Abstract The article explores the science and practice of electrospinning, tracing its history and examining the factors that influence fiber morphology, including the solution composition, processing conditions, and environmental conditions. It offers a thorough examination of electrospinning fundamentals geared toward generating an appropriate platform for creating tailored nanofibers for sensing applications in the food industry.

IntroductionHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a pressing global issue, with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remaining the primary. Emodin, an anthraquinone compound extracted from the natural plant’s.

ABSTRACT Campylobacter jejuni is a causative agent of gastroenteritis in humans worldwide, and wild and domestic poultry carry of this bacterium in their gastrointestinal tract. Molecular studies to determine the pathogenicity, origin, and epidemiological relationships among C. jejuni isolates from poultry such as chicken, turkey, and goose consumed as human food are important for public health and infection control.

Human norovirus (HuNoV) is the leading cause of foodborne illness in the developed world and a major contributor to gastroenteritis globally. Its low infectious dose and environmental persistence necessitate effective disinfection protocols. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) bleach is a widely used disinfectant for controlling HuNoV transmission via contaminated fomites.

Oyster shell has been studied as effective stabilizer for heavy metals that exist as cationic forms in soil-aqueous system, but its stabilization capacity for arsenic was very low because of its anionic existence forms. Layered double hydroxide (LDH) shows excellent oxyanion As fixation capacity in soil because of interlayer anion (or complex) exchange, but has relatively low fixation capabilities for other heavy metals.

Staphylococcus hyicus is a significant pathogen in swine, primarily causing exudative epidermitis. Addressing S. hyicus infections requires both the characterization of virulence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in farm-recovered isolates. This study aimed to characterize the virulence, AMR, and biofilm formation of S. hyicus isolates from Spanish swine farms. A total of 49 isolates were analyzed, originating from animals with cutaneous, reproductive, and systemic clinical signs.

This study investigated into the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Origanum onites essential oil (OEO) and the application of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) on Iranian white cheese quality during storage at 4°C for 45 days. OEO contains 28.43 ± 0.34 mg GAE/g dw and exhibited antioxidant and antimicrobial activity in in vitro tests.

Overview of metal study in rice. Summary Metal contamination in rice grains is a critical global issue, posing serious health risks and affecting food safety, especially in countries like Malaysia where rice is a staple food. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of various cooking treatments, with a focus on parboiling before absorption cooking (PBA), in reducing metal contamination in Malaysian rice.