Research Publications (Food Safety)

Author(s): Francesca Orsoni, Claudia Romeo, Nicola Ferrari, Lia Bardasi, Giuseppe Merialdi, Roberto Barbani

Author(s): Annette Petersen, Bodil Hamborg Jensen, Nathalie Michelle Löbl, Elsa Nielsen, Lea Bredsdorff, Sisse Fagt, Tue Christensen, Julie Boberg This study shows that dietary habits have an impact on contaminant exposures. A tool was developed to calculate chemical exposures for different Danish population groups. First, the tool divided the individuals into quartiles using a previously developed scoring system for how well their diet complies with the Danish dietary guidelines.

Author(s): Kaihang Xu, Jun Wang, Han Gong, Yizheng Li, Lei Zhou, Muting Yan

Author(s): Müller Ribeiro-Andrade, Jéssica de Crasto Souza Carvalho, Renato Amorim da Silva, Maria da Conceição Carvalho, Wagnner José Nascimento Porto, Rinaldo Aparecido Mota

Cronobacter infections of infants are commonly regarded as due to the ingestion of contaminated feed. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of Cronobacter, total coliforms and Escherichia coli in different brands of natural mineral waters as sold in 20L returnable bottles in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The quantification of total coliforms and E. coli was performed by Most Probable Number.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a zoonotic agent, which is mainly transmitted by consumption of undercooked meat products originating from infected animals. Domestic pigs and wild boars are the major animal reservoirs, but HEV infections have been also repeatedly described in wild deer species. However, farmed deer has been only sparsely investigated so far.

Abstract

Aims

Excessive boron (B) can pose toxicity to many plant species, and consequently restricts land utilization in B-laden regions. The purpose of this study was to identify “agretti” (Salsola soda) as an alternative B-tolerant food crop.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains are important human pathogens and a significant health hazard for hospitals and the food industry. They are resistant to β-lactam antibiotics including methicillin and extremely difficult to treat. In this study, we show that the Staphylococcus aureus COL (MRSA) strain, with a known complete genome, can easily survive and grow under acidic and alkaline conditions (pH5 and pH9, respectively), both planktonically and as a biofilm.

Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) are able to colonise and infect domestic poultry and also pose a risk for humans. The aim of this study was to determine the extent of genotypic diversity among C. jejuni isolates recovered from avian and human sources in Egypt. Furthermore, the short variable region (SVR) of flagellin A (flaA) gene was analysed for the presence of allelic variants. Our results showed that C.

The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) is a transcription factor that, when activated by ligand-binding, has been shown to regulate the immune response. Pertussis Toxin (PTX) is a virulence factor found in Bordetella pertussis, a human respiratory pathogen that causes whooping cough. PTX promotes colonization and disease promotion by triggering a heightened inflammatory response. The role of AhR in the regulation of PTX-mediated inflammation has not previously been studied.

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Dublin (S. Dublin), a cattle adapted serovar causes enteritis, and systemic disease in bovines. The invasive index of this serovar far exceeds that of the other serovar...

by Luis Fernando Viana Furtado, Celi da Silva Medeiros, Luciana Werneck Zuccherato, William Pereira Alves, Valéria Nayara Gomes Mendes de Oliveira, Vivian Jordania da Silva, Guilherme Silva Miranda, Ricardo Toshio Fujiwara, Élida Mara Leite Rabelo

by Hoshie Iriki, Takefumi Kawata, Tetsuya Muramoto

Photobacteria are common psychrophilic bacteria found in marine environments. Recently, several studies revealed high numbers of Photobacterium (P.) spp. on packaged fresh meat. Their occurrence appears relevant for the spoilage of meat, since species of the genus are already known as potent fish spoilage organisms. Here we report on distribution, biodiversity, and specific traits of P. carnosum (n = 31), P. phosphoreum (n = 24), and P. iliopiscarium (n = 3) strains from different foods.

Understanding bacterial virulence provides insight into the molecular basis behind infection and could identify new drug targets. However, assessing potential virulence determinants relies on testing in an animal model. The mouse is a well-validated model but it is constrained by the ethical and logistical challenges of using vertebrate animals. Recently the larva of the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella has been explored as a possible infection model for a number of pathogens.

Author(s): Sunirmal Sheet, Yesupatham Sathishkumar, Kuntal Ghosh, Mi-Sook Choi, Kwan Seob Shim, Yang Soo Lee

Food poisoning caused by Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) produced in foods. Staphylococcal food poisoning is mostly caused by staphylococcal enterotoxin type A (SEA) among SEs. Growth/no growth for S. aureus under various environmental conditions was well studied with a logistic regression model so far. Recently we successfully described the boundaries of SEA production and growth of S.

The cover image is based on the Original Article Rolling circle amplification and its application in microfluidic systems for E. coli O157:H7 detections by Xudong Cao, Yuqian Jiang, Zhenyu Qiu et al., https://doi.org/10.1111/jfs.12671

This work assessed the risk of protozoa in 10 school restaurants in Armenia (Quindío, Colombia) by analyzing the presence of Cryptosporidium spp, Giardia duodenalis, Blastocystis, and Cyclospora cayetanensis DNA in the food, water, and living and inert surfaces of school restaurants and in stools of children who ate at these restaurants. Of the 213 food, water, and surface samples, 6.6% were positive using PCR to test DNA for Blastocystis; 3.8% for Cryptosporidium spp; 0.9% for G.

This research aimed to determine microbiological and chemical quality of different types of salted pearl mullet (Chalcalburnus tarichi Pallas, 1811). Samples of salted pearl mullet (C. tarichi Pallas, 1811), produced by six different methods, were obtained from three different local producers at the end of the hunting season of 2016 and 2017 (May–June) with wooden boxes, plastic cans, or in bottom perforated plastic cans.

Masmin preparation is a traditional method that has been practiced for many years to preserve skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) mainly in Lakshadweep. However, the method is not evaluated scientifically for its quality concerning nutrition and environmental contamination. Thus, in the present study tuna fillets from four stages of Masmin preparation, namely fresh, boiling, smoking, and sun‐drying are evaluated for bacterial, nutritional, and heavy metal contents.

This work studied the ability of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus natto to degrade zearalenone (ZEN) and analyzed the amounts of ZEN in cell residues. The effect of different processing conditions on the degradation capacity of the bacteria was then analyzed. Finally, B. subtilis and B. natto were applied to food.

Effect of base trehalose solution on quality of prepared weever during repeated freeze‐thaw cycles has been studied. L* (lightness), b* (yellowness), expressible moisture and total volatile base nitrogen (TVBN) of weever sample dipped in base trehalose solution reduced comparing with the control (without treatment), while pH, a* (redness), shear force, moisture content of treated samples increased (p ＜ .05) with the increased freeze‐thaw cycle.

Interactions of the flavoring compounds hexyl acetate (HxAc), heptyl acetate (HpAc), linalyl formate (LiFo), linalyl acetate (LiAc), geraniol, linalool, limonene, and myrcene with soy protein isolate (SPI) were estimated in pH 3.0, 6.0, and 9.0 aqueous solutions using headspace solid‐phase microextraction gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (SPME–GC–MS). The binding capacity of HxAc, HpAc, LiFo, LiAc, geraniol, and linalool increased in the pH of the medium from 3 to 9.

Food contact surfaces (FCS) in food processing facilities may become contaminated with a number of unwanted microorganisms, such as Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Staphylococcus aureus. To reduce contamination and the spread of disease, these surfaces may be treated with sanitizers or have active antimicrobial components adhered to them.