Research Publications (Food Safety)

Clostridium perfringens is the main cause of sudden death in dogs and currently there is no vaccine to prevent it. In this study, a canine C. perfringens type A strain was used to prepare a vaccine. C. perfringens was inactivated by formaldehyde and adjuvants were added. The safety and immunological characteristics of the inactivated C. perfringens vaccine were evaluated in mice and dogs. The results showed that the C. perfringens vaccine was safe and had immunoprotective activity.

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Journal of Food Protection, Volume 82, Issue 10, Page 1683-1687, October 2019.

Journal of Food Protection, Volume 82, Issue 10, Page 1677-1682, October 2019.

Journal of Food Protection, Volume 82, Issue 10, Page 1667-1676, October 2019.

Journal of Food Protection, Volume 82, Issue 10, Page 1663-1666, October 2019.

Publication date: Available online 16 September 2019

Environmental Research

Author(s): Engelsman Michelle, Milena F. Snoek, P.W. Banks Andrew, Cantrell Phillip, Wang Xianyu, Toms Leisa-Maree, Darren J. Koppel

Toxins, Vol. 11, Pages 541: Assessment of Dried Blood Spots for Multi-Mycotoxin Biomarker Analysis in Pigs and Broiler Chickens

Toxins doi: 10.3390/toxins11090541

Authors:
Marianne Lauwers
Siska Croubels
Siegrid De Baere
Milena Sevastiyanova
Eva Maria Romera Sierra
Ben Letor
Christos Gougoulias
Mathias Devreese

Nitric oxide (NO) plays a major role in the regulation of mammalian biological functions. In recent years, NO has also been implicated in bacterial life cycles, including in the regulation of biofilm formation, and the metabolism of the bacterial second messenger signaling molecule cyclic-di-GMP. In a previous study, we reported the discovery of an NO-responsive quorum sensing (QS) circuit in Vibrio harveyi. Here, we characterize the homologous QS pathway in Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

Coxiella burnetii is the causative agent of the zoonotic disease Q fever. To date, the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the only defined and characterized virulence determinant of C. burnetii. In this study, proteome profiles of C. burnetii Nine Mile phase I (RSA 493, NMI) and its isogenic Nine Mile phase II (RSA 439 NMII) isolate with a deep rough LPS were compared on L-929 mouse fibroblasts and in complex (ACCM-2), and defined (ACCM-D) media.

MICROBIOLOGY Correction to Supporting Information for “Analysis of lipoprotein transport depletion in Vibrio cholerae using CRISPRi,” by Florence Caro, Nicole M. Place, and John J. Mekalanos, which was first published August 1, 2019; 10.1073/pnas.1906158116 (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 116, 17013–17022). The authors note that Fig. S14 in the SI...

In bacteria, a primary σ-factor associates with the core RNA polymerase (RNAP) to control most transcription initiation, while alternative σ-factors are used to coordinate expression of additional regulons in response to environmental conditions. Many alternative σ-factors are negatively regulated by anti–σ-factors. In Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, and many other γ-proteobacteria,...

The spoVA2mob operon confers heat resistance to Bacillus spp., and the resistance correlates to the copy number of the operon. Bacillus endospores also exhibit a strong variation in resistance to pressure, but the underlying mechanisms of endospore resistance to pressure are not fully understood. We determined the effects of multiple spoVA2mob operons on high-pressure resistance in Bacillus endospores.

l-Aspartate has been widely used in medicine and the food and chemical industries. In this study, Serratia marcescens maleate cis-trans isomerase (MaiA) and Escherichia coli aspartase (AspA) were coupled and coexpressed in an engineered E. coli strain in which the byproduct metabolic pathway was inactivated. The engineered E. coli strain containing the dual-enzyme system (pMA) was employed to bioproduce l-aspartate from maleate with a conversion of 98%.

The relationship between porcine gut microbiota composition and health is an important area of research, especially due to the need to find alternatives to antimicrobial use to manage disease in livestock production systems. Previous work has indicated that lower crude dietary protein levels can reduce the impacts of postweaning colibacillosis, which is a porcine diarrheal disease caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC).

Bacterial consortia are among the most basic units in the biodegradation of environmental pollutants. Pollutant-degrading strains frequently encounter different types of environmental stresses and must be able to survive with other bacteria present in the polluted environments. In this study, we proposed a noncontact interaction mode between a tetrahydrofuran (THF)-degrading strain, Rhodococcus ruber YYL, and a non-THF-degrading strain, Bacillus cereus MLY1.

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis is able to adapt to sublethal concentrations of ethanol, which subsequently induce tolerance of this pathogen to normally lethal ethanol challenges. This work aims to elucidate the underlying ethanol adaptation mechanisms of S. Enteritidis by proteomic and mutagenic analyses. The global proteomic response of S.

Bacteria synthesize amino acids according to their availability in the environment or, in the case of pathogens, within the host. We explored the regulation of the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) (l-leucine, l-valine, and l-isoleucine) in Vibrio alginolyticus, a marine fish and shellfish pathogen and an emerging opportunistic human pathogen. In this species, the ilvGMEDA operon encodes the main pathway for biosynthesis of BCAAs.

Author(s): Victoria Stadler Tasca Ribeiro, Letícia Kraft, Paula Hansen Suss, Juliette Cieslinski, Luciana Cristina Wollmann, Felipe Francisco Tuon

Journal of Food Protection, Volume 82, Issue 10, Page 1655-1662, October 2019.

Publication date: Available online 16 September 2019

Environmental Research

Author(s): Naixin Li, Rainer Friedrich, Cara N. Maesano, Emanuela Medda, Sonia Brescianini, Maria Antonietta Stazi, Clive E. Sabel, Dimosthenis Sarigiannis, Isabella Annesi-Maesano

Publication date: February 2020

, Volume 108

Author(s): Carlos Pasqualin Cavalheiro, Mauricio Costa Alves da Silva, Juliana Santana Falcão Leite, Samuel Keryson Rodrigues da Silva Felix, Ana M. Herrero, Claudia Ruiz-Capillas