Research Publications (Food Safety)

Available online 22 July 2019

Author(s): Aranya Niponsak, Natta Laohakunjit, Orapin Kerdchoechuen, Punchira Wongsawadee, Apiradee Uthairattanakij

Available online 22 July 2019

Author(s): Nadja Jessberger, Markus Kranzler, Claudia Da Riol, Valerie Schwenk, Tanja Buchacher, Richard Dietrich, Monika Ehling-Schulz, Erwin Märtlbauer

Available online 22 July 2019

Author(s): Ji-Sook Park, Jae-Won Ha

Publication date: Available online 22 July 2019

Food and Chemical Toxicology

Author(s): Lara Ferreira Azevedo, Carlos Roberto Porto Dechandt, Cecília Cristina de Souza Rocha, Maria Fernanda Hornos Carneiro, Luciane Carla Alberici, Fernando Barbosa

Publication date: Available online 22 July 2019

Food and Chemical Toxicology

Author(s): Sheraz Ahmed Bhatti, Muhammad Zargham Khan, Muhammad Kashif Saleemi, Zahoor Ul Hassan, Aisha Khatoon

This study determined the prevalence, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles, and antimicrobial resistance profile of Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 isolates from dairy cattle farms in Jordan. Samples from bulk tank milk (n = 305), cattle feces (n = 610), and rectoanal mucosal swabs (n = 610) were collected from 61 dairy cattle farms. We confirmed 32 L. monocytogenes, 28 S. enterica, and 24 E. coli O157:H7 isolates from the samples.

Toxins, Vol. 11, Pages 434: Target Analysis and Retrospective Screening of Multiple Mycotoxins in Pet Food Using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS

Toxins doi: 10.3390/toxins11080434

Authors:
Luigi Castaldo
Giulia Graziani
Anna Gaspari
Luana Izzo
Josefa Tolosa
Yelko Rodríguez-Carrasco
Alberto Ritieni

Insights into the environmental fates of nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) in edible vegetables are of great significance for better evaluating human exposure to NPAHs through the dietary pathway. In this work, a fluorescence quenching method using graphene quantum dots as a fluorescent probe was first applied for the in vivo determination of 9-nitroanthracene (9-NAnt) and 1-nitropyrene (1-NPyr) adsorbed on the leaf surfaces of living lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seedlings.

Acrylamide, mainly formed in Maillard browning reaction during food processing, causes defects in liver circadian clock and mitochondrial function by inducing oxidative stress. Resveratrol is a polyphenol that has powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. However, the preventive effects of resveratrol on acrylamide-triggered oxidative damage and circadian rhythm disorders are unclear at the current stage.

Giardia lamblia, a single-celled eukaryote, colonizes and thrives in the small intestine of humans. Because of its compact and reduced genome, Giardia has adapted a “minimalistic” life style, as it becomes dependent on available resources of the small intestine. Because Giardia expresses fewer sphingolipid (SL) genes—and glycosphingolipids are critical for encystation—we investigated the SL metabolic cycle in this parasite.

The peptidoglycan in Gram-negative bacteria is a dynamic structure in constant remodeling. This dynamism, achieved through synthesis and degradation, is essential because the peptidoglycan is necessary to maintain the structure of the cell but has to have enough plasticity to allow the transport and assembly of macromolecular complexes in the periplasm and outer membrane. In addition, this remodeling has to be coordinated with the division process.

Gas gangrene, or clostridial myonecrosis, is usually caused by Clostridium perfringens and may occur spontaneously in association with diabetes mellitus, peripheral vascular disease, or some malignancies but more often after contamination of a deep surgical or traumatic lesion. If not controlled, clostridial myonecrosis results in multiorgan failure, shock, and death, but very little is known about the muscle regeneration process that follows myonecrosis when the infection is controlled.

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, a Gram-negative bacterium, can cause infectious diseases ranging from gastroenteritis to systemic dissemination and infection. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this bacterial dissemination have yet to be elucidated. A study indicated that using the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) core as a ligand, S.

Clostridium difficile disease is mediated primarily by toxins A and B (TcdA and TcdB, respectively). The receptor binding domains (RBD) of TcdA and TcdB are immunogenic, and anti-RBD antibodies are protective. Since these toxins act locally, an optimal C. difficile vaccine would generate both systemic and mucosal responses. We have repurposed an attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain (YS1646) to produce such a vaccine.

Brucella is an intracellular bacterial pathogen that causes chronic systemic infection in domesticated livestock and poses a zoonotic infectious risk to humans. The virulence of Brucella is critically dependent on its ability to replicate and survive within host macrophages. Brucella modulates host physiological pathways and cell biology in order to establish a productive intracellular replicative niche. Conversely, the host cell presumably activates pathways that limit infection.

Abstract

Scope

Emerging evidence suggests that high fat diet (HFD) is associated with gut microbiome dysbiosis and related disorders. Bilberry is a prebiotic food component with known health benefits. Herein the dynamics of colonic mucus layer and microbiome during HFD and bilberries supplementation are addressed.

Abstract

, Ahead of Print.

Journal of Food Protection, Volume 82, Issue 8, Page 1423-1432, August 2019.

Journal of Food Protection, Volume 82, Issue 8, Page 1417-1422, August 2019.

Journal of Food Protection, Volume 82, Issue 8, Page 1412-1416, August 2019.

Journal of Food Protection, Volume 82, Issue 8, Page 1405-1411, August 2019.

Journal of Food Protection, Volume 82, Issue 8, Page 1398-1404, August 2019.