Research Publications (Food Safety)

Schematic of fresh‐cut apple coated by nanoemulsion.

Campylobacter is among the four main causes of gastroenteritis worldwide and has increased in both developed and developing countries over the last 10 years. The vast majority of reported Campylobacter infections are caused by Campylobacter jejuni and, to a lesser extent, C. coli; however, the increasing recognition of other emerging Campylobacter pathogens is urgently demanding a better understanding of how these underestimated species cause disease, transmit, and evolve.

Background: Many bacteria transport cellobiose via a phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (PTS). In Listeria monocytogenes, two pairs of soluble PTS components (EIIACel1/EIIBCel1 and EIIACel2/EIIBCel2) and the permease EIICCel1 were suggested to contribute to cellobiose uptake. Interestingly, utilization of several carbohydrates, including cellobiose, strongly represses virulence gene expression by inhibiting PrfA, the virulence gene activator.

, Ahead of Print.

Publication date: October 2019

, Volume 156

Author(s): Antonio López-Gómez, María Ros-Chumillas, Vera Antolinos, Laura Buendía-Moreno, Laura Navarro-Segura, María José Sánchez-Martínez, Ginés Benito Martínez-Hernández, Sonia Soto-Jover

Available online 1 July 2019

Author(s): Danielle Leblanc, Marie-Josée Gagné, Élyse Poitras, Julie Brassard

Cow and human milk have been reported to contain dioxins ranging from 0.023 to 26.46 and 0.88 to 19 pg/g of fat, respectively. However, the toxic effects of the dioxins in the milk in this range of concentrations were not explored. Therefore, considering the outbred livestock tissues as better models than inbred laboratory animals, the present study targeted to study the effect of dioxins present in the milk on three-dimensionally (3D) cultured buffalo primary hepatocyte spheroids.

Research progress into mechanisms of the anaerobe Clostridium perfringens associated diseases has been frustrated by the lack of reliable infection models. Wax moth larvae (Galleria mellonella) have emerged as a viable alternative to other models of infection since they are economic, survive at 37°C and require no specialist equipment. This study aims to establish to what extent G.

The aim of this study was to quantify the influence of temperature on pHmin-values of L. monocytogenes as used in cardinal parameter growth models and thereby improve the prediction of growth for this pathogen in food with low pH. Experimental data for L. monocytogenes growth in broth at different pH-values and at different constant temperatures were generated and used to determined pHmin-values. Additionally, pHmin-values for L. monocytogenes available from literature were collected.

Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium is a major global food-borne pathogen and causes life-threatening infections. Although the resistance mechanisms to fluoroquinolones in S. Typhimurium had been well defined, tolerance to fluoroquinolones and the associated mechanism for this are obscure. In the current work， we investigated an oqxAB-positive plasmid pHXY0908 and analyzed its role in S. Typhimurium tolerance to ciprofloxacin using time-kill, transcriptome sequencing and real-time PCR.

Yasuha Arai, Norihito Kawashita, Madiha Salah Ibrahim, Emad Mohamed Elgendy, Tomo Daidoji, Takao Ono, Tatsuya Takagi, Takaaki Nakaya, Kazuhiko Matsumoto, Yohei Watanabe

Abstract

Abstract

Intracellular trafficking pathways in eukaryotic cells are essential to maintain organelle identity and structure, and to regulate cell communication with its environment. Shigella flexneri invades and subverts the human colonic epithelium by the injection of virulence factors through a type 3 secretion system (T3SS). In this work, we report the...

Abstract

Publication date: Available online 29 June 2019

Source: LWT

Author(s): J. Arévalo Camargo, K. Murray, K. Warriner, W. Lubitz

Available online 1 July 2019

Author(s): Marie Limoges, Catherine Donnelly

Toxins, Vol. 11, Pages 387: Fumonisin B1 Induces Oxidative Stress and Breaks Barrier Functions in Pig Iliac Endothelium Cells

Toxins doi: 10.3390/toxins11070387

Authors:
Qiaoling Yuan
Yancheng Jiang
Ying Fan
Yingfeng Ma
Hongyu Lei
Jianming Su

Cronobacter sakazakii is an emerging foodborne pathogen, which is linked to life-threatening infections causing septicemia, meningitis and necrotizing enterocolitis. These infections have been epidemiologically connected to ingestion of contaminated reconstituted powder infant formula. Even at low water activity C.

UK public health organisations perform routine antimicrobial susceptibility tests (ASTs) to characterise the potential for antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella enterica serovars. Genetic determinants of these r...

In open environments such as water, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 responds to inorganic phosphate (Pi) starvation by inducing the Pho regulon controlled by PhoB. This activates the phosphate-specific transport (Pst) system that contains a high-affinity Pi transporter. In the pst mutant, PhoB is constitutively activated and regulates the expression of genes in the Pho regulon. Here we show that Pi starvation and deletion of the pst system enhances E.

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium induces inflammatory diarrhea and bacterial uptake into intestinal epithelial cells using the Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI1) type III secretion system (T3SS). HilA activates transcription of the SPI1 structural components and effector proteins. Expression of hilA is activated by HilD, HilC, and RtsA, which act in a complex feed-forward regulatory loop.

Detection of pathogens is crucial in food production areas. While it is well established, swabbing as a state-of-the-art sampling method offers several drawbacks with respect to yield, standardization, overall handling, and long-term monitoring. This led us to develop and evaluate a method that is easier to use at a lower cost and that should be at least as sensitive.