Research Publications (Food Safety)

Available online 10 June 2019

Author(s): Moon-Jung Hwang, Se-Jin Kang, Hoe-Seong Kim, Kwang-Won Lee

Publication date: September 2019

Source: LWT, Volume 112

Author(s): Dong-Gyun Yim, Jin-Kyu Seo, Hyeon-Woong Yum, Md Ashrafuzzaman Zahid, Jun-Young Park, Rashida Parvin, Jonghyun Go, Sang-Keun Jin, Ok-Kyung Koo, Han-Sul Yang

Publication date: September 2019

Source: LWT, Volume 112

Author(s): Viridiana Cortés-Rodríguez, Lidia Dorantes-Alvarez, Humberto Hernández-Sánchez, Norma Paniagua-Castro, Gerardo Aparicio-Ozores, Edgar Oliver López-Villegas, María de Jesús Perea-Flores

Cyclosporiasis is an infection caused by Cyclospora cayetanensis, which is acquired by consumption of contaminated fresh food or water. In the United States, cases of cyclosporiasis are often associated with foodborne outbreaks linked to imported fresh produce or travel to disease-endemic countries. Epidemiologic investigation has been the primary method for linking outbreak cases. A molecular typing marker that can identify genetically related samples would be helpful in tracking outbreaks.

Escherichia coli has been frequently reported as a major foodborne bacterium contaminating raw milk or pasteurized milk. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore a quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) technique combined with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and propidium monoazide (PMA) to detect culturable E. coli in milk. An internal amplification control was also added into this reaction system as an indicator of false-negative results.

The process of fermentation contributes to the organoleptic properties, preservation, and nutritional benefits of food. Fermented food may interfere with pathogen infections through a variety of mechanisms, including competitive exclusion or improving intestinal barrier integrity. In this study, the effect of milk fermented with Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris JFR1 on Salmonella invasion of intestinal epithelial cell cultures was investigated.

Mesophilic and thermophilic spore-forming bacteria represent a challenge to the dairy industry, as these bacteria are capable of surviving adverse conditions associated with processing and sanitation and eventually spoil dairy products. The dairy farm environment, including soil, manure, silage, and bedding, has been implicated as a source for spores in raw milk.

The present study investigated whether delaying the first feeding of colostrum affected ileum and colon mucosa-associated microbiota in calves. Twenty-seven male Holstein calves were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups, fed colostrum at 45 min, 6 h, and 12 h after birth, respectively. Ileum and colon mucosa were collected at 51 h after birth, and their associated microbial profiles were assessed using amplicon sequencing.

Toxins, Vol. 11, Pages 333: Effects of Dietary Zearalenone on Oxidative Stress, Cell Apoptosis, and Tight Junction in the Intestine of Juvenile Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Toxins doi: 10.3390/toxins11060333

Authors:
Ya-Li Wang
Xiao-Qiu Zhou
Wei-Dan Jiang
Pei Wu
Yang Liu
Jun Jiang
Shang-Wen Wang
Sheng-Yao Kuang
Ling Tang
Lin Feng

Toxins, Vol. 11, Pages 334: Rural Subsistence Maize Farming in South Africa: Risk Assessment and Intervention models for Reduction of Exposure to Fumonisin Mycotoxins

Toxins doi: 10.3390/toxins11060334

Authors:
Johanna Alberts
John Rheeder
Wentzel Gelderblom
Gordon Shephard
Hester-Mari Burger

The aim of this study was to identify and characterize LA-MRSA in a very recent collection of staphylococci isolated from bovine quarter milk samples.

The aim of the study was to assess the safety of three newly developed synbiotic preparations in feeding chickens. The study was carried out on 84 Specific Pathogen Free chickens, between 1st and 21st day of their life. Animals were divided into four groups fed ad libitum: three with an addition of synbiotics A, B or C and a control group (feed with no additives).

Publication date: August 2019

, Volume 122

Author(s): Hyo-Eun Kim, Jin-Jae Lee, Min-Jung Lee, Bong-Soo Kim

Available online 8 June 2019

Author(s): Sarah Elshahat, Jayne V. Woodside, Michelle C. McKinley

Toxins, Vol. 11, Pages 331: Occurrence of Tetrodotoxin in Bivalves and Gastropods from Harvesting Areas and Other Natural Spaces in Spain

Toxins doi: 10.3390/toxins11060331

Authors:
Lucía Blanco
Jorge Lago
Virginia González
Beatriz Paz
Maria Rambla-Alegre
Ana G. Cabado

Abstract

Aim

Shiga toxin‐producing Escherichia coli (STEC) cause bloody diarrhoea, kidney failure and occasionally death. However, identifying the source of infection caused by STEC other than serogroup O157 is hampered by availability of sensitive methods for detecting these pathogens. In this study we developed novel tools for detecting E. coli O55 that is potentially associated with human outbreaks.

Salmonella must rapidly adapt to various niches in the host during infection. Relevant virulence factors must be appropriately induced, and systems that are detrimental in a particular environment must be turned off. Salmonella infects intestinal epithelial cells using a type 3 secretion system (T3SS) encoded on Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI1).

Salmonella virulence requires the initial invasion of host cells followed by the modulation of the intracellular environment for survival and replication. In an effort to characterize the role of small RNAs in Salmonella pathogenesis, we inadvertently identified a 5 kD protein named YshB that is involved in the intracellular survival of Salmonella. We show here that yshB expression is upregulated upon entry into macrophages.

Available online 8 June 2019

Author(s): Diana Angélica Varela-Martínez, Miguel Ángel González-Curbelo, Javier González-Sálamo, Javier Hernández-Borges

Available online 8 June 2019

Author(s): Abdelrahim Hussein Abdelazeem Hassan, José Francisco Bergua, Eden morales-Narváez, Arben Mekoçi

Publication date: Available online 8 June 2019

Food and Chemical Toxicology

Author(s): A.M. Api, D. Belsito, D. Botelho, M. Bruze, G.A. Burton, J. Buschmann, M.L. Dagli, M. Date, W. Dekant, C. Deodhar, M. Francis, A.D. Fryer, L. Jones, K. Joshi, S. La Cava, A. Lapczynski, D.C. Liebler, D. O'Brien, A. Patel, T.M. Penning

Salmonella enterica serotype I 4,[5],12:i:- has been increasingly isolated from swine. However, its pathogenic potential is not well characterized. Analysis of swine cases confirmed a strong positive association between isolation of I 4,[5],12:i:- and lesions of enteric salmonellosis and suggested a similar pathogenic potential as that for Salmonella Typhimurium.

Internalins are surface proteins that are utilized by Listeria monocytogenes to facilitate its invasion into human intestinal epithelial cells. The expression of a full-length InlA is one of essential virulence f...

Abstract

Available online 7 June 2019

Author(s): Chong Teng, Shimin Wu, Guangyi Gong