Research Publications (Food Safety)

Available online 18 December 2018

Author(s): Sharda Prasad Awasthi, Nityananda Chowdhury, Sucharit Basu Neogi, Atsushi Hinenoya, Noritoshi Hatanaka, Goutam Chowdhury, T. Ramamurthy, Shinji Yamasaki

Available online 18 December 2018

Author(s): Mélodie Langlais, Alexandre Thibodeau, Philippe Fravalo

Abstract

The bacterial short pre-enrichment culture step is important for the proper detection and isolation of Salmonella spp. from pig feces. Using metagenomics, we showed that pre-enrichment of Salmonella was favored not only by inhibiting the growth of competing bacteria but also by increasing its fitness.

Available online 18 December 2018

Author(s): Yunyun Geng, Guanhui Liu, Libing Liu, Qiaoen Deng, Liwei Zhao, Xiao Xia Sun, Jinfeng Wang, Baohua Zhao, Jianchang Wang

A modified QuEChERS method was optimized for simultaneous extraction of 93 pesticides and 6 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in cachaça. The procedure employed 20 mL of sample, 10 mL of dichloromethane, 1 g of NaCl, and 6 g of MgSO4. The methods were validated in accordance with pesticide tolerances set by the National Health Surveillance Agency of Brazil and government guidelines of Brazil and the European Union.

The association between hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and cell wall composition with regard to the mitigation of cadmium (Cd) toxicity in Brassica napus L. was investigated. Cd caused growth retardation, leaf chlorosis, and decreased endogenous H2S content in Brassica napus roots. Stimulating l-cysteine desulfhydrase (LCD)-mediated H2S production with H2S releaser (NaHS) markedly improved plant growth, reduced Cd content in stems and leaves, and rescued Cd-induced chlorosis.

The overall aim of this study was to compare different intervention strategies for clinical intramammary infections (IMI). We conducted a simulation study to represent a Danish dairy cattle herd with IMI caused mostly by Staphylococcus aureus and 9 different intervention strategies for clinical IMI. A standard intervention of 3 d of treatment consisting of intramammary injections for all clinical cases was used.

Bovine mastitis affects animal health and welfare and milk production and quality, and it challenges the economic success of dairy farms. Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most commonly found pathogens in clinical mastitis but it also causes subclinical, persistent, and difficult-to-treat intramammary infections.

The aim of this study was to characterize the genomes of 30 Listeria monocytogenes isolates collected at a pig slaughterhouse to determine the molecular basis for their persistence.

Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne bacterium that causes gastroenteritis, meningitis, or abortion. Listeria induces its internalization (entry) into some human cells through interaction of the bacterial surface protein InlB with its host receptor, the Met tyrosine kinase. InlB and Met promote entry, in part, through stimulation of localized exocytosis. How exocytosis is upregulated during entry is not understood.

Diarrheagenicity of diffusely adherent Escherichia coli (DAEC) remains controversial. Previously, we found that motile DAEC strains isolated from diarrheal patients induced high levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8) secretion via Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5). However, DAEC strains from healthy carriers hardly induced IL-8 secretion, irrespective of their possessing flagella.

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is a Gram-negative enteropathogen and causes gastrointestinal infections. It disseminates from gut to mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), spleen, and liver of infected humans and animals. Although the molecular mechanisms for dissemination and infection are unclear, many Gram-negative enteropathogens presumably invade the small intestine via Peyer’s patches to initiate dissemination. In this study, we demonstrate that Y.

Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is a common cause of foodborne illness in the United States. The bacterium can be transmitted to humans via contaminated chicken meat and eggs, and virulence in humans requires type III secretion system 1 (TTSS-1), encoded on Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1). Chickens often carry S. Enteritidis subclinically, obscuring the role of SPI-1 in facilitating bacterial colonization.

Members of the genus Brucella are Gram-negative pathogens that cause chronic systemic infection in farm animals and zoonotic infection in humans. Study of the genus Brucella has been hindered by the need for biosafety level 3 select agent containment. Brucella neotomae, originally isolated from the desert pack rat, presented an opportunity to develop an alternative, non-select agent experimental model.

Alexandra Waskow, Julian Betschart, Denis Butscher, Gina Oberbossel, Denise Klöti, Annette Büttner-Mainik, Jozef Adamcik, Philipp Rudolf von Rohr, Markus Schuppler The consumption of fresh fruit and vegetable products has strongly increased during the past few decades. However, inherent to all minimally processed products is the short shelf life, and the risk of foodborne diseases, which have been increasingly related to such products in many parts of the world.

Publication date: Available online 18 December 2018

Food and Chemical Toxicology

Author(s): Elisavet A. Renieri, Irina V. Safenkova, Athanasios Κ. Alegakis, Elvira S. Slutskaya, Venetia Kokaraki, Maroudio Kentouri, Boris B. Dzantiev, Aristidis M. Tsatsakis

Publication date: March 2019

Source: LWT, Volume 102

Author(s): E.V. Arias-Rios, G.R. Acuff, A. Castillo, L.M. Lucia, S.E. Niebuhr, J.S. Dickson

Available online 18 December 2018

Author(s): Ying Li, Xiaoyan Pei, Jun Yan, Danru Liu, Huaning Zhang, Bo Yu, Ning Li, Dajin Yang

Available online 18 December 2018

Author(s): Qisen Xiang, Chaodi Kang, Dianbo Zhao, Liyuan Niu, Xiao Liu, Yanhong Bai

Available online 18 December 2018

Author(s): Da Liu, Yue Cui, Ronald Walcott, Juan Díaz-Pérez, Viktor Tishchenko, Jinru Chen

Available online 17 December 2018

Author(s): Franziska Koch, Claudia Wiacek, Peggy G. Braun

SUMMARYThe depopulation of healthy birds during a disease outbreak can impact recovery and further disrupt the food supply. In 2015, the United States faced one of the largest outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza ever confirmed. Many of the 7 million pullets depopulated were healthy but could not be moved to laying facilities because of their location in quarantine zones.

Journal of Food Safety, EarlyView.

Journal of Food Safety, EarlyView.