Research Publications (Food Safety)

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) is a serious public health threat as infections caused by these strains are more difficult and expensive to treat. Livestock serv...

AbstractThis study compared the efficacy of Pediococcus acidilactici, mannan-oligosaccharide, butyric acid, and their combination on growth performance and intestinal health in broiler chickens challenged with S. Typhimurium. Ross 308 male broilers (n = 420) were randomly assigned to one of the 6 treatments, resulting in 5 replicate pens of 14 chicks per treatment.

AbstractConsumption of contaminated poultry products is the main source of human campylobacteriosis, for which Campylobacter jejuni is responsible for 90% of human cases. Although chickens are believed to be a main source of human exposure to C. jejuni, turkeys also contribute to cases of human infection. Little is known about the kinetics of C.

Abstract

Publication date: July 2018
, Volume 89

Author(s): Fatemeh Siahmoshteh, Zohreh Hamidi-Esfahani, Davide Spadaro, Masoomeh Shams-Ghahfarokhi, Mehdi Razzaghi-Abyaneh

Publication date: July 2018
, Volume 89

Author(s): Sukhonthip Khueangchiangkhwang, Thidarut Boonmars, Panupan Sripan, Jiraporn Songsri, Parichart Boueroy, Ratchadawan Aukkanimart, Pranee Sriraj, Panaratana Ratanasuwan, Kanpicha Chomphumee, Porntip Laummaunwai, Sirintip Boonjaraspinyo

Publication date: July 2018
, Volume 89

Author(s): Doris Klingelhöfer, Yun Zhu, Markus Braun, Michael H.K. Bendels, Dörthe Brüggmann, David A. Groneberg

Pragathi B. Shridhar, Isha R. Patel, Jayanthi Gangiredla, Lance W. Noll, Xiaorong Shi, Jianfa Bai, Christopher A. Elkins, Nancy A. Strockbine, T. G. Nagaraja

Shuhong Zhang, Guangzhu Yang, Qinghua Ye, Qingping Wu, Jumei Zhang, Yuanbin Huang

Andrej Steyer, Tilen Konte, Martin Sagadin, Marko Kolenc, Andrej Škoberne, Julija Germ, Tadeja Dovč-Drnovšek, Miha Arnol, Mateja Poljšak-Prijatelj

Abstract

Online Ahead of Print.

Mini Singh, Jenny-Ann Toribio, Angela Bullanday Scott, Peter Groves, Belinda Barnes, Kathryn Glass, Barbara Moloney, Amanda Black, Marta Hernandez-Jover

Abstract

Aims

To investigate the transmission route of Carnobacterium from the farm environment to the meat-manufacturing plant and potential risk for meat spoilage.

Publication date: Available online 1 March 2018


Author(s): Ioannis F. Kalampokis, George C. Kapetanakis, Konstantinos A. Aliferis, George Diallinas

Secondary metabolites are an important source of pharmaceuticals and key modulators of microbe-microbe interactions. The bacterium Serratia marcescens is part of the Enterobacteriaceae family of eubacteria and produces a number of biologically active secondary metabolites. In this study, we screened for novel regulators of secondary metabolites synthesized by a clinical isolate of S. marcescens and found mutations in a gene for an uncharacterized UmoB/IgaA family member here named gumB.

Fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) are the basis for water quality regulations and are considered proxies for waterborne pathogens when conducting human health risk assessments. The direct detection of pathogens in water and simultaneous identification of the source of fecal contamination are possible with microarrays, circumventing the drawbacks to FIB approaches. A multigene target microarray was used to assess the prevalence of waterborne pathogens in a fecally impaired mixed-use watershed.

While some species in the Bacillus cereus group are well-characterized human pathogens (e.g., B. anthracis and B. cereus sensu stricto), the pathogenicity of other species (e.g., B. pseudomycoides) either has not been characterized or is presently not well understood. To provide an updated characterization of the pathogenic potential of species in the B.

An increase in the prevalence of commensal Escherichia coli carrying blaCTX-M genes among dairy cattle was observed between 2008 and 2012 in Washington State. To study the molecular epidemiology of this change, we selected 126 blaCTX-M-positive and 126 blaCTX-M-negative isolates for determinations of the multilocus sequence types (MLSTs) and antibiotic resistance phenotypes from E. coli obtained during a previous study.

Aerobic methanotrophs have long been known to play a critical role in the global carbon cycle, being capable of converting methane to biomass and carbon dioxide. Interestingly, these microbes exhibit great sensitivity to copper and rare-earth elements, with the expression of key genes involved in the central pathway of methane oxidation controlled by the availability of these metals.

Campylobacter spp. are major causes of gastroenteritis worldwide. The virulence potential of Campylobacter shed in crow feces obtained from a roost area in Bothell, Washington, was studied and compared with that from isolates from other parts of Washington and from a different crow species 7,000 miles away in Kolkata, India. Campylobacter organisms were isolated from 61% and 69% of the fecal samples obtained from Washington and Kolkata, respectively, and were confirmed to be C. jejuni.

The most common practice in studying and cataloguing prokaryotic diversity involves the grouping of sequences into operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at the 97% 16S rRNA gene sequence identity level, often using partial gene sequences, such as PCR-generated amplicons. Due to the high sequence conservation of rRNA genes, organisms belonging to closely related yet distinct species may be grouped under the same OTU.

, Volume 15, Issue 3, Page 119-131, March 2018.

Abstract

Danielle R. Balay, Michael G. Gänzle, Lynn M. McMullen