Research Publications (Food Safety)

Publication date: March 2017
, Volume 73, Part B

Author(s): Pål A. Olsvik, Olivier Fumière, Rob J.C.F. Margry, Gilbert Berben, Natalia Larsen, Martin Alm, Marc H.G. Berntssen

Publication date: March 2017
, Volume 73, Part B

Author(s): Piret Raudsepp, Dagmar Adeline Brüggemann, Poul Henckel, Mogens Vyberg, Kathy Groves, Niels Oksbjerg, Margrethe Therkildsen

Publication date: March 2017
, Volume 73, Part B

Author(s): Maurício S. Oliveira, Alexandre Rocha, Michael Sulyok, Rudolf Krska, Carlos A. Mallmann

Publication date: May 2017
, Volume 63

Author(s): Cédric Hartard, Sandrine Banas, Romain Rivet, Nicolas Boudaud, Christophe Gantzer

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are a major cause of traveler's diarrhea and infant mortality in developing countries. Given the rise of antibiotic resistance worldwide, there is an urgent need for the development of new preventive strategies. Among them, a promising approach is the use of probiotics.

Abstract

Abstract

Online Ahead of Print.

Online Ahead of Print.

Tobias Dietsche, Mehari Tesfazgi Mebrhatu, Matthias J. Brunner, Patrizia Abrusci, Jun Yan, Mirita Franz-Wachtel, Charlotta Schärfe, Susann Zilkenat, Iwan Grin, Jorge E. Galán, Oliver Kohlbacher, Susan Lea, Boris Macek, Thomas C. Marlovits, Carol V. Robinson, Samuel Wagner

Publication date: Available online 14 December 2016


Author(s): Natália C. Gaeta, Svetlana F. Lima, Andre G. Teixeira, Erika K. Ganda, Georgios Oikonomou, Lilian Gregory, Rodrigo C. Bicalho

Publication date: Available online 14 December 2016


Author(s): C.J. Hervert, N.H. Martin, K.J. Boor, M. Wiedmann

Publication date: Available online 14 December 2016


Author(s): Regina Wald, Martina Baumgartner, Verena Urbantke, Beatrix Stessl, Thomas Wittek

Acrylamide forms from free asparagine and reducing sugars during frying, baking, roasting, or high-temperature processing, and cereal products are major contributors to dietary acrylamide intake. Free asparagine concentration is the determining factor for acrylamide-forming potential in cereals, and this study investigated the effect of fungicide application on free asparagine accumulation in wheat grain.

Clostridium perfringens is an important pathogen to human and animals and causes a wide array of diseases, including histotoxic and gastrointestinal illnesses. C. perfringens spores are crucial in terms of the pathogenicity of this bacterium because they can survive in a dormant state in the environment and return to being live bacteria when they come in contact with nutrients in food or the human body. Although the strategies to inactivate C.

Our recent studies have shown that intimin and the locus of enterocyte effacement-encoded proteins do not play a role in Escherichia coli O157:H7 (O157) adherence to the bovine recto-anal junction squamous epithelial (RSE) cells. To define factors that play a contributory role, we investigated the role of curli, fimbrial adhesins commonly implicated in adherence to various fomites and plant and human epithelial cells, in O157 adherence to RSE cells.

We show in this report that traces of juices released from salad leaves as they become damaged can significantly enhance colonization of salad leaves by Salmonella enterica. Salad juices in water increased Salmonella growth by 110% over the level seen with the unsupplemented control and in host-like serum-based media by more than 2,400-fold over control levels.

The postharvest treatment and processing of fresh coffee cherries can impact the quality of the unroasted green coffee beans. In the present case study, freshly harvested Arabica coffee cherries were processed through two different wet and dry methods to monitor differences in the microbial community structure and in substrate and metabolite profiles.

Antimicrobial resistance through extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and transferable (plasmid-encoded) cephamycinases (pAmpCs) represents an increasing problem in human and veterinary medicine. The presence of ESBL-/pAmpC-producing commensal enterobacteria in farm animals, such as broiler chickens, is considered one possible source of food contamination and could therefore also be relevant for human colonization.

The heavy metal cadmium is widely used and released into the environment, posing a severe threat to crops and humans. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the most commonly used organisms in the investigation of environmental metal toxicity. We investigated cadmium stress and the adaptive mechanisms of yeast by screening a genome-wide essential gene overexpression library. A candidate gene, OLE1, encodes a delta-9 desaturase and was associated with high anti-cadmium-stress activity.

Some life-threatening, foodborne, and zoonotic infections are transmitted through poultry birds. Inappropriate and indiscriminate use of antimicrobials in the livestock industry has led to an increased prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria with epidemic potential. Here, we present a functional molecular epidemiological analysis entailing the phenotypic and whole-genome sequence-based characterization of 11 H.

Several bacteria use the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) as a sole carbon and energy source. A cluster of genes (named iac) encoding IAA degradation has been reported in Pseudomonas putida 1290, but the functions of these genes are not completely understood. The plant-growth-promoting rhizobacterium Paraburkholderia phytofirmans PsJN harbors iac gene homologues in its genome, but with a different gene organization and context than those of P. putida 1290.

In 2012, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) initiated external quality assessment (EQA) schemes for molecular typing including the National Public Health Reference Laboratories in Europe. The overall aim for these EQA schemes was to enhance the European surveillance of food-borne pathogens by evaluating and improving the quality and comparability of molecular typing. The EQAs were organised by Statens Serum Institut (SSI) and included Salmonella enterica subsp.

Dongfeng Ning, Yongchao Liang, Zhandong Liu, Junfu Xiao, Aiwang Duan