Research Publications (Food Safety)

We explored the potential of machine learning to identify significant genes associated with Salmonella stress response during poultry processing using whole genome sequencing (WGS) data. The Salmonella isolates (n = 177) used in this study were obtained from various chicken sources (skin before chiller, chicken carcass before chiller, frozen chicken, and post-chill chicken carcass).

by Farhana Boby, Md. Nurul Huda Bhuiyan, Barun Kanti Saha, Subarna Sandhani Dey, Anik Kumar Saha, Md Jahidul Islam, Mahci Al Bashera, Shyama Prosad Moulick, Farhana Jahan, Md. Asad Uz Zaman, Sanjana Fatema Chowdhury, Showti Raheel Naser, Md. Salim Khan, Md. Murshed Hasan Sarkar The raising concern of drug resistance, having substantial impacts on public health, has instigated the search of new natural compounds with substantial medicinal activity.

Background Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has become a major public health issue as one of the leading causes of liver disease and transplantation worldwide. The instrumental role of the gut microbiota is emerging but still under investigation. Endogenous ethanol (EtOH) production by gut bacteria and yeasts is an emerging putative mechanism.

Microbiology Resource Announcements, Ahead of Print. Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major pathogens causing bovine mastitis, which results in huge economic losses in the dairy industry worldwide. Here, we report genome sequences of 17 S. aureus strains, with three novel sequencing types (ST8495, ST8500, and ST8501) isolated from the milk of dairy cows with subclinical mastitis.

Staphylococcus aureus is an important and leading cause of foodborne diseases worldwide. Prompt detection and recall of contaminated foods are crucial to prevent untoward health consequences caused by S. aureus. Helix loop-mediated isothermal amplification (HAMP) is an exciting recent addition to the array of available isothermal-based nucleic acid amplification techniques. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a HAMP assay for detecting S.

The presence of yessotoxins (YTXs) was analyzed in 10,757 samples of Galician bivalves from 2014 to 2022. Only YTX and 45-OH YTX were found. YTX was detected in 31% of the samples, while 45-OH YTX was found in 11.6% of them. Among the samples containing YTX, 45-OH YTX was detected in 37.3% of cases. The maximum recorded levels were 1.4 and 0.16 mg of YTX-equivalentsg−1, for YTX and 45-OH YTX, respectively, which are well below the regulatory limit of the European Union.

Human infections by environmental bacteria is becoming an increasing problem and has become a matter of great concern due to the adverse effects worldwide. In this study, we reported a new environmental pathogen. Isolate GX5518T was a novel Gram-negative, aerobic, non-motile, pleomorphic and red-pigmented bacterium, was isolated from human wound secretions (GuangXi, People’s Republic of China).

Microbial interactions including competition, mutualism, commensalism, parasitism, and predation, which can be triggered by nutrient acquisition and chemical communication, are universal phenomena in the marine ecosystem. The interactions may influence the microbial population density, metabolism, and even their environmental functions. Herein, we investigated the interaction between a heterotrophic bicosoecid flagellate, Pseudobodo sp.

Abstract Background This study aimed to evaluate the effect of N‐carbamylglutamate (NCG) on the piglets’ growth performance and immune response, and unravel their mechanisms. In a 2 × 2 factorial design including diet (with or without NCG) and immunological challenge (saline or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)), 24 piglets were randomly distributed to four groups. After being fed a basic diet or a NCG‐supplemented diet for 21 days, piglets were administered LPS or saline intraperitoneally.

Mycotoxins are considered the most threating natural contaminants in food. Among these mycotoxins, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and fumonisin B1 (FB1) are the most prominent fungal metabolites that represent high food safety risks, due to their widespread co-occurrence in several food commodities, and their profound toxic effects on humans. Considering the ethical and more humane animal research, the 3Rs (replacement, reduction, and refinement) principle has been promoted in the last few years.

Abstract BACKGROUND Fresh‐cut fruit are convenient ready‐to‐eat products increasingly demanded by consumers, but highly susceptible to oxidation. To increase the shelf life of these products, this industry is currently facing the challenge of finding sustainable natural preservatives capable of maintaining fresh‐cut fruit quality while meeting consumers’ expectations regarding health and environmental concerns.

Background Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Encephalitozoon spp., Cryptosporidium spp., and Giardia duodenalis (G. intestinalis) are enteric pathogens that cause diarrhea in pigs. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of these enteric parasites and their coinfection with E.

Introduction

Dandelion (Pugongying) is one of the most frequently used Chinese herbs for treating lactational mastitis (LM). Pugongying granules, a patented medication primarily comprised of dandelion extract, have been approved by CFDA for LM treatment in China. The aims of this study were to investigate the etiology of LM and the mechanism by which Pugongying granules decrease LM symptoms, with a particular focus on the microbial communities found in breastmilk.

Methods

Zearalenone (ZEN) is a fungal toxin produced by Fusarium that widely occurs in various types of grains and feed. It has strong reproductive toxicity and a wide range of distribution, which will impact food and feed safety. In this study, Bacillus subtilis ZENL09, which is capable of transforming ZEN was investigated.

Listeria monocytogenes clonal complex 7 (CC7), belonging to lineage II, is the most common subtype among clinical listeriosis isolates in Norway, and is also commonly found in Norwegian food industry and outdoor environments. In the present study, the relative prevalence of CCs among clinical isolates of L. monocytogenes in European countries during 2010–2015 was determined.

Veterinary drugs (VDs) are regulated to prevent their abuse or misuse and protect humans that consume animal-based food products from exposure to VD residues. VD residues are managed according to the maximum residue limits (MRLs) or by prohibiting the use of VDs based on their residual properties and toxicities. However, all VD residues, even those that are not managed by MRLs, in animal-based food products will be regulated for public health improvement.

The objective was the development and validation of a method for simultaneous mycotoxins determination (aflatoxins B1 — AFB1, G1 — AFG1, G2 — AFG2 and M1 — AFM1, ochratoxin — OTA, and zearalenone — ZEA) in milk by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector.

Abstract Aims Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common food‐borne parasitic zoonosis, caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite. A cross‐sectional study was carried out to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii and associated risk factors in pigs in Haryana, India. Methods and Results Serum samples were collected from 429 pigs from three agroclimatic zones (I–III) of Haryana and analysed for the presence of antibodies against T.

SUMMARY Horticultural plants contribute immensely to the quality of human's life. The rapid development of omics studies on horticultural plants has resulted in large volumes of valuable growth‐ and development‐related data. Genes that are essential for growth and development are highly conserved in evolution. Cross‐species data mining reduces the impact of species heterogeneity and has been extensively used for conserved gene identification.

by Lijuan Bao, Hao Sun, Yihong Zhao, Lianjun Feng, Keyi Wu, Shan Shang, Jiawen Xu, Ruping Shan, Shiyu Duan, Min Qiu, Naisheng Zhang, Xiaoyu Hu, Caijun Zhao, Yunhe Fu Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) has been demonstrated to promote the development of mastitis, one of the most serious diseases in dairy farming worldwide, but the underlying mechanism is unclearn.

Shikonin has been used in food production because of its potent bacteriostatic activity and colorability, but it is limited to be widely used because of its poor water solubility. The aim of this study was to prepare shikonin @ chitosan nanoemulsion (NS) to improve the solubility of shikonin and evaluate its antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and the effect on storage quality of a pork food model.

Abstract The fast envelope stress responses play a key role in the transmission and pathogenesis of Yersinia enterocolitica, one of the most common foodborne pathogens. Our previous study showed that deletion of the waaF gene, essential for the biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) core polysaccharides, led to the formation of a truncated LPS structure and induced cell envelope stress.

Abstract Feathers become hazardous pollutants when deposited directly into the environment. The rapid expansion of the poultry industry has significantly increased feather waste, necessitating the development of new ways to degrade and utilize feathers.

Abstract Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most relevant mastitis pathogens in dairy cattle, and the acquisition of antimicrobial resistance genes presents a significant health issue in both veterinary and human fields. Among the different strategies to tackle S.

Zearalenone (ZEA) is a mycotoxin that is highly contaminated in feed and can cause severe toxic effects on the kidneys and other organs of animals. Quercetin (QUE) is a plant-derived flavonoid with a variety of detoxification properties, but the mechanism by which QUE detoxifies the toxic effects induced by ZEA has not yet been fully elucidated. We treated porcine kidney cells (PK15) with 80 μM ZEA and/or 30 μM QUE.