Research Publications (Food Safety)

Bacillus spp. supplementation as probiotics in cultured fish diets has a long history of safe and effective use. Specifically, B.

The effect of the addition of different levels of S. carnosus protease (0, 0.15, 0.30, 0.45 and 0.60 g/kg raw meat) on the proteolysis, quality characteristics, and flavor development of Harbin dry sausage was investigated. The results showed that the S.

The reduction in antibiotic growth promoter use in poultry, due to antibiotic resistance concerns, has created a need for natural solutions that control enteric pathogens like Salmonella.

With the development of multidrug resistance in Salmonella spp. in recent years, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, and azithromycin have become the principal antimicrobial agents used for the treatment of Salmonella infections. The underlying mechanisms of plasmid-mediated ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone resistance have attracted extensive research interest, but not much is focused on azithromycin resistance in Salmonella.

Sulfur related prokaryotes residing in hot spring present good opportunity for exploring the limitless possibilities of integral ecosystem processes. Metagenomic analysis further expands the phylogenetic breadth of these extraordinary sulfur (S) metabolizing microorganisms as well as their complex metabolic networks and syntrophic interactions in environmental biosystems.

Mastitis is the most prevalent global illness affecting dairy cows. This bacterial infection damages and inflames the udder tissues. Several plant extracts have demonstrated synergistic antibacterial activities with standard drugs in mastitis treatment. Scant information exists on Ocimum tenuiflorum L. This study evaluated the antibacterial activity of O.

The balance of microbial species in the intestine must be maintained to prevent inflammation and disease. Healthy bacteria suppress infection by pathogens and prevent disorders such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). The role of mucus in the relation between pathogens and the intestinal microbiota is poorly understood.

by Desie Kasew, Blen Desalegn, Mihret Aynalem, Sosina Tila, Dureti Diriba, Beimnet Afework, Michael Getie, Sirak Biset, Habtamu Wondifraw Baynes Urinary tract infection and antimicrobial resistance remains the major problem, with significant health and socioeconomic burden, particularly in developing countries. This infection is commonly caused by Gram-negative bacteria, principally by Escherichia coli.

This project explored the antibacterial mechanism of didecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) toward Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and its removal effect on biofilms. Furthermore, we explored the effect of treatment by DDAB combined with slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) on biofilms of S. aureus or P. aeruginosa. First, DDAB has bacteriostatic and biofilm removal effects.

Background Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are used to treat spastic disorders. Depending on muscle size, one or multiple injections are recommended according to labels to target neuromuscular junctions (NMJ).

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common cause to lead to chronic pain. Sensitization of pain pathways including central sensitization and peripheral sensitization has been regarded as a major cause of OA pain refractory to treatment. Addressing peripheral sensitization or central sensitization alone may not adequately treat OA pain.

Adventitious root (AR) cultures of Eurycoma longifolia are the alternative plant materials. However, the biological effects of the ARs are rarely investigated, leading to a delay in their practical application. In this study, antibacterial activities of sub-fractions of E. longifolia ARs extracted by different organic solvents were examined.

Bacteria have evolved mechanisms which enable them to control intracellular concentrations of metals. In the case of transition metals, such as copper, iron and zinc, bacteria must ensure enough is available as a cofactor for enzymes whilst at the same time preventing the accumulation of excess concentrations, which can be toxic. Interestingly, metal homeostasis and resistance systems have been found to play important roles in virulence.

Multidrug resistance has become a phenotype that commonly exists among Staphylococcus aureus and is a serious concern for infection treatment. Nowadays, to detect the antibiotic susceptibility, antibiotic testing is generated based on the level of genomic for cure decision consuming huge of time and labor, while matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF/MS) shows its possibility in high-speed and effective detection on the level of proteomic.

Children with cerebral palsy (CP) present a higher prevalence and severity of caries. Although researchers have studied multiple risk factors for caries in CP, the role of microorganisms in caries remains one of the critical factors worth exploring. In order to explore the differences in the supragingival plaque microbiota (SPM), supragingival plaque samples were collected from 55 CP children and 23 non-CP children for 16S rRNA sequencing.

Poultry provides an important protein source consumed globally by human population, and simultaneously, acts as a substantial reservoir of antibiotic resistant bacterial species such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Clostridium perfringens. These bacterial species can include commensal strains with beneficial roles on poultry health and productivity, and pathogenic strains not only to poultry but zoonotically to man.

The bacterial composition of naturally fermented Indian food, Idli was studied by high-throughput Illumina amplicon sequencing at different taxonomic levels. Metagenomic investigation revealed fold change with respect to some of the phylotypes in 06th to 12th h of fermentation, suggesting the synergistic mode of nutrition. After 12th h fermentation, bacterial populations were stabilized towards 15th h fermentation.

The serratus anterior muscle is commonly involved in myofascial pain syndrome and is treated with many different injective methods. Currently, there is no definite injection point for the muscle. This study provides a suggestion for injection points for the serratus anterior muscle considering the intramuscular neural distribution using the whole-mount staining method. A modified Sihler method was applied to the serratus anterior muscles (15 specimens).

The development of new types of fungicides for agriculture and medicine is highly desirable due to the uprising fungal resistance against commonly used compounds. Herein, 4-substituted-4-nitropyrazolin-5-ones (nitropyrazolones) were proposed as highly active fungicides of the novel structural type.

Four new carotane sesquiterpenoids, byssocarotins A–D (1–4), two new nor-sesquiterpenoids, byssofarnesin (5) and byssosesquicarin (6), and three new polyketides, byssoketides A and B (7 and 8) and (8R)-paecilocin A (9a), were obtained from a macroalga-associated strain (RR-dl-2-13) of the fungus Byssochlamys spectabilis.

The aim of this study was to evaluate phenotypic and genotypic AMR characteristics of Salmonella enterica isolates from Australian cattle collected through a structured national survey utilizing 1001 faecal samples collected from healthy cattle at slaughter.

On January 2020, an outbreak of acute mortality was detected in the capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) population kept in the Cordoba Zoo Conservation Center (CZCC) in Spain. Morbidity and mortality rates were 71%, and the fatality rate was 100%. Macroscopic examination revealed multifocal nodular lesions with fibrinonecrotic exudate in lungs and mesenteric lymph nodes.

Campylobacteriosis is one of the most common types of bacterial gastroenteritis affecting humans, and poultry is considered a major source of the causative organism, Campylobacter spp. Broilers may arrive contaminated at slaughterhouses, and transport crates could be considered a potential source of contamination. Thus, cleaning and disinfection procedures are crucial to avoid cross-contamination among flocks.

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, Accepted Article. The primary goals of this cross-sectional study were to screen various food/water, and human samples for the presence of Salmonella species, and to assess the phenotypic and genetic relationship between resistances found in food and human Salmonella isolates to critically important antibiotics.

Journal of Food Safety, EarlyView. Although the intestinal lumen is a significant way to enter pathogens such as Salmonella, they face a dense microbiota in the gut lumen. This community confers health benefits. Probiotics enhance the colonization resistance and direct inhibition of pathogens, which are essential in reducing the incidence and duration of gastroenteritis and histopathological complications of enteric pathogens.