Research Publications (Food Safety)

Bacillus cereus is a foodborne pathogen widely distributed in the large-scale catering industry and produces spores. The study explored the antibacterial activity, potential mechanism of eugenol against B. cereus, and spores with germination rate. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC; 0.6 mg/mL) of eugenol to six B. cereus strains was compared with the control; B. cereus treated with eugenol had a longer lag phase.

Microbiology Resource Announcements, Ahead of Print. Salmonella enterica is a zoonotic pathogen and a leading cause of foodborne gastroenteritis in humans. Here, we report the draft genome sequences of two Salmonella Uzaramo isolates, which were isolated from poultry organs during routine post-mortem examination in South Africa. Currently, whole-genome sequences on Salmonella Uzaramo are scanty.

Livestock-associated Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) has been of increasing concern due to its potential risk to humans. This study investigated the prevalence of MRSA in pig production in Eastern China and determined the genomic characteristics of pig-associated MRSA isolates by whole-genome sequencing (WGS). A total of 1,318 samples were collected from pig farms and pig slaughterhouses, and 150 S. aureus were identified, including 63 MRSA isolates and 87 MSSA isolates.

The early detection of major mastitis pathogens is crucial for the udder health management of dairy herds.

Abstract This report by the European Food Safety Authority and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control presents the results of the zoonoses monitoring and surveillance activities carried out in 2022 in 27 Member States (MSs), the United Kingdom (Northern Ireland) and 11 non‐MSs. Key statistics on zoonoses and zoonotic agents in humans, food, animals and feed are provided and interpreted historically.

Disinfectants are important in the food industry to prevent the transmission of pathogens. Excessive use of disinfectants may increase the probability of bacteria experiencing long-term exposure and consequent...

Microbiology Resource Announcements, Ahead of Print. Herein this study, we sequenced the genome of a multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain MBR-MFRK-23 isolated from the liver tissue of a diseased layer chicken. The 4,964,854-bp draft genome comprises 50 contigs with 50.5× coverage and 52.1% GC content and is typed as S. enterica sequence type 19.

The effects of juice pH, type of acidulant, and post-treatment refrigeration on the high-pressure processing (HPP) inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella enterica, and Listeria monocytogenes in acid beverages were evaluated. Inoculated apple, orange, and grape juices (at their original pH and adjusted to pH 4.00, 4.50, and 5.00) were treated at 550 MPa for 1 min at 5 °C.

by M. E. Coleman, T. P. Oscar, T. L. Negley, M. M. Stephenson Conflicting claims exist regarding pathogen growth in raw milk. A small pilot study was designed to provide definitive data on trends for pathogen growth and decline in raw bovine milk hygienically produced for direct human consumption. An independent laboratory conducted the study, monitoring growth and decline of pathogens inoculated into raw milk.

Momordica charantia (M. charantia) seeds are usually discarded; however, the oil extracted from seeds contains polyunsaturated fatty acids with potent antibacterial activity. Unfortunately, low extraction rate and instability of M. charantia seed oil (MCSO) limits its potential food applications. Therefore, it is crucial to explore industrial methods to increase the extraction yield and enhance stability of MCSO.

This study evaluated the capability of a thymol nanoemulsion (nTHY) to reduce cross-contamination with Salmonella Enteritidis in ground chicken meat. First, an nTHY (~ 54 nm) was prepared in a high-shear speed system (rotor–stator) and proved stable, remaining below 100 nm for 30 days in storage at 4 °C. Then, a minimum inhibitory concentration assay was performed by combining S. Enteritidis with viable native bacteria from chicken meat.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND ε‐polylysine hydrochloride (ε‐PLH) is a naturally occurring antimicrobial peptide extensively utilized in the food and medical industries. However, its impact on animal husbandry remains to be further explored. Therefore, this experiment aimed to determine the effect of ε‐PLH on laying hens' health and laying performance. RESULTS Dietary supplementation with ε‐PLH to the diet significantly increased average egg weight (AEW) of the week 1‐8.

The purpose of this study was to reveal the antibacterial activity and mechanism of Polygonatum sibiricum extract (PSE) against Bacillus cereus and further analyze the application of PSE in pasteurized milk (PM). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values and growth curve analysis were used to evaluate the antibacterial activity of PSE against B. cereus.

Background The effect of systemic treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) with telavancin, a semisynthetic lipoglycopeptide with good penetration in vitro biofilms, has not been tested in vivo during mechanical ventilation.

Vibrio parahaemolyticus carrying a pathogenic plasmid (VPAHPND) is one of the main causative agents of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) in shrimp aquaculture. Knowledge about the mechanism of shrimp resistant to VPAHPND is very helpful for developing efficient strategy for breeding AHPND resistant shrimp.

Abstract Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. parahaemolyticus) is a major pathogen that causes substantial losses in the marine fishery. With the emergence of antibiotic resistance, vaccines have become the most effective approach against V. parahaemolyticus infection. Adhesion factors on the cell surface are pivotal in the colonization and pathogenesis of V. parahaemolyticus within the host, highlighting their potential as vaccine candidates.

Abstract Salmonella Typhimurium (STM) is a facultative anaerobe and one of the causative agents of nontyphoidal salmonellosis (NTS). Its anaerobic metabolism is enabled under the hypoxic environment that is encountered inside macrophages and the gut lumen of the host. In both of these niches, free radicals and oxidative intermediates are released by neutrophils as an inflammatory response.

This study aims to investigate the potential role of lactose on cereulide biosynthesis by emetic Bacillus cereus in dairy matrices. The cereulide yields in whole milk and lactose-free milk were investigated using the emetic reference strain F4810/72. To eliminate the influence of complex food substrates, the LB medium model was further used to characterize the effect of lactose on cereulide produced by F4810/72 and five other emetic B. cereus strains.

Vibrio cholerae is a significant seafood-borne pathogen that carries multiple virulence genes. Its ability to form biofilm on surfaces enables this pathogen to persist in the environments and resistant to chemicals and antibiotics. This study investigated the virulence properties of V. cholerae isolates obtained from shrimp supply chains and evaluated the inhibitory activities of rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L. cv.

Background Enteric methane from cow burps, which results from microbial fermentation of high-fiber feed in the rumen, is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. A promising strategy to address this problem is microbiome-based precision feed, which involves identifying key microorganisms for methane production.

Microorganisms are integral components of ecosystems, exerting profound impacts on various facets of human life. The recent United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) Science Summit emphasized the critical importance of comprehending the microbial world to address global challenges, aligning with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In agriculture, microbes are pivotal contributors to food production, sustainable energy, and environmental bioremediation.

by Gavin J. Fenske, Jane G. Pouzou, Régis Pouillot, Daniel D. Taylor, Solenne Costard, Francisco J. Zagmutt The serovars of Salmonella enterica display dramatic differences in pathogenesis and host preferences. We developed a process (patent pending) for grouping Salmonella isolates and serovars by their public health risk. We collated a curated set of 12,337 S. enterica isolate genomes from human, beef, and bovine sources in the US.

Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. parahaemolyticus) is the main pathogenic bacteria in seafood that can cause serious food-borne illness. The annual incidence of V. parahaemolyticus infection in the United States exceeds 45,000 cases, indicating there are potential shortcomings in seafood sterilization techniques.

Liquid egg yolk (LEY) is often treated with phospholipase A2 (PLA2) to improve thermal stability. However, this process may allow certain pathogens to grow. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth kinetics of mesophilic Bacillus cereus in LEY during PLA2 treatment. Samples, inoculated with B.

The study is aimed at estimating the possibility of using pomegranate peel extracts as a natural food preservative which was investigated in fish samples. All the extracts (cold water, hot water, and 70% methanol) have been tested against five bacteria (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Typhi, Bacillus megaterium, and Bacillus subtilis) using the agar disc diffusion method. Hot water extract showed the best result against B. megaterium.