Research Publications (Food Safety)

Abstract

Abstract

Aims

To investigate the mechanisms leading to an increase in the prevalence of blaCMY-2 conferring resistance to ceftiofur in pigs receiving a feed medicated with chlortetracycline and penicillin and to examine the effect of supplementation with a clay mineral on this phenomenon.

Publication date: October 2016
Source:LWT - Food Science and Technology, Volume 72

Author(s): Shiv Shankar, Jong-Whan Rhim

Foodborne illness-causing enteric bacteria are able to colonize plant surfaces without causing infection. We lack an understanding of how epiphytic persistence of enteric bacteria occurs on plants, possibly as an adaptive transit strategy to maximize chances of reentering herbivorous hosts.

Group II nonproteolytic Clostridium botulinum (gIICb) strains are an important concern for the safety of minimally processed ready-to-eat foods, because they can grow and produce botulinum neurotoxin during refrigerated storage.

Avian botulism kills thousands of waterbirds every year, including endangered species, but information about the differences between species in vulnerability to botulism outbreaks and the capacity to act as carriers of Clostridium botulinum is still poorly known. Here, we estimated the vulnerability to botulism of 11 waterbird species from Mediterranean wetlands by comparing the number of affected birds with the census of individuals at risk.

Host cell-free (axenic) culture of Coxiella burnetii in acidified citrate cysteine medium-2 (ACCM-2) has provided important opportunities for investigating the biology of this naturally obligate intracellular pathogen and enabled the development of tools for genetic manipulation. However, ACCM-2 has complex nutrient sources that preclude a detailed study of nutritional factors required for C. burnetii growth. Metabolic reconstruction of C.

Clostridium perfringens type A is a common source of foodborne illness (FBI) in humans. Vegetative cells sporulate in the small intestinal tract and produce the major pathogenic factor C. perfringens enterotoxin. Although sporulation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of FBI, the mechanisms inducing sporulation remain unclear. Bile salts were shown previously to induce sporulation, and we confirmed deoxycholate (DCA)-induced sporulation in C.

We previously showed that modeled microgravity conditions alter the physiological characteristics of Escherichia coli O157:H7. To examine how microgravity conditions affect bacterial heat stress responses, D values, membrane fatty acid composition, and heat stress-related gene expression (clpB, dnaK, grpE, groES, htpG, htpX, ibpB, and rpoH), E.

Publication date: Available online 19 April 2016


Author(s): Doreen Drechsler-Hake, Hanin Alamir, Manina Günter, Samuel Wagner, Monika Schütz, Erwin Bohn, Katja Schenke-Layland, Fabio Pisano, Petra Dersch, Ingo B. Autenrieth, Stella E. Autenrieth

Publication date: Available online 29 April 2016


Author(s): Manoj Kumawat, Pavan Kumar Pesingi, Rajesh Kumar Agarwal, Tapas Kumar Goswami, Manish Mahawar

Publication date: November 2016
, Volume 69

Author(s): Eugène Niyonzima, Martin Patrick Ongol, Yves Brostaux, Nicolas Korsak Koulagenko, Georges Daube, Anastase Kimonyo, Marianne Sindic

Publication date: October 2016
Source:LWT - Food Science and Technology, Volume 72

Author(s): V. Cadavez, U. Gonzales-Barron, P. Pires, E. Fernandes, A.P. Pereira, A. Gomes, J.P. Araújo, F. Lopes-da-Silva, P. Rodrigues, C. Fernandes, M.J. Saavedra, F. Butler, T. Dias

Publication date: November 2016
, Volume 69

Author(s): Alonzo A. Gabriel, Richard Paolo M. Aba, Daniel Joshua L. Tayamora, Julius Ceasar R. Colambo, Maria Auxilla T. Siringan, Leo Mendel D. Rosario, Roy B. Tumlos, Henry J. Ramos

Abstract

Abstract

Aims

The aims of this study were to characterize the antibacterial activity and the chemotype of Litsea cubeba leaf essential oil (EO) harvested in North Vietnam and to investigate the biological effects induced by the leaf powder on growth, nonspecific immunity and survival of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila.

SUMMARY

Hui Huang, Yawei Sun, Li Yuan, Yushan Pan, Yanlin Gao, Caihui Ma, Gongzheng Hu

Publication date: October 2016
Source:LWT - Food Science and Technology, Volume 72

Author(s): Mehran Moradi, Hossein Tajik, Seyed Mehdi Razavi Rohani, Alireza Mahmoudian

In the first seven weeks of 2016, five serotype 1/2a Listeria monocytogenes isolates were collected from patients with invasive listeriosis in Ancona province in Italy. These strains and six 1/2a isolates identified in 2015 in the same area were typed by ERIC-PCR and PFGE. A clonal relationship, documented between the two sets of isolates, suggested a listeriosis outbreak in Ancona that started most probably in 2015. Investigation into the source of infection is still ongoing.

Publication date: November 2016
, Volume 69

Author(s): Wei-Long Liang, Ya-Li Pan, Huan-Le Cheng, Tung-Ching Li, Peter Hoi-Fu Yu, Shun-Wan Chan

Online Ahead of Print.

Wonhee Cha, Rebekah Mosci, Samantha L. Wengert, Pallavi Singh, Duane W. Newton, Hossein Salimnia, Paul Lephart, Walid Khalife, Linda S. Mansfield, James T. Rudrik, Shannon D. Manning Campylobacter jejuni is a zoonotic pathogen and the most common bacterial cause of human gastroenteritis worldwide. With the increase of antibiotic resistance to fluoroquinolones and macrolides, the drugs of choice for treatment, C. jejuni was recently classified as a serious antimicrobial resistant threat.

To determine antimicrobial drug resistance mechanisms of Shigella spp., we analyzed 344 isolates collected in Switzerland during 2004–2014. Overall, 78.5% of isolates were multidrug resistant; 10.5% were ciprofloxacin resistant; and 2% harbored mph(A), a plasmid-mediated gene that confers reduced susceptibility to azithromycin, a last-resort antimicrobial agent for shigellosis.