Research Publications (Food Safety)

The use of bacteriophages as biocontrol agents to control Salmonella in food production has gained popularity over the last two decades. Previously, our laboratory demonstrated that bacteriophages can be direct fed to limit Salmonella colonization and transmission in pigs. Here, we characterized the bacteriophages in our treatment cocktail in terms of lytic spectrum, growth kinetics, survivability under various conditions, and genomic sequencing.

Studies were conducted to (i) determine whether inoculants of nonpathogenic Escherichia coli biotype I effectively served as surrogates for E. coli O157:H7, non-O157 Shiga toxin–producing E.

Boneless beef rib eye roasts were surface inoculated on the fat side with ca. 5.7 log CFU/g of a five-strain cocktail of Salmonella for subsequent searing, cooking, and warm holding using preparation methods practiced by restaurants surveyed in a medium-size Midwestern city. A portion of the inoculated roasts was then passed once through a mechanical blade tenderizer. For both intact and nonintact roasts, searing for 15 min at 260°C resulted in reductions in Salmonella populations of ca.

Among consumer food handling practices, time-temperature abuse has been reported as one of the most common contributory factors in salmonellosis outbreaks where the evidence is strong.

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Abstract

Daisuke Irikura, Chie Monma, Yasunori Suzuki, Akiko Nakama, Akemi Kai, Aya Fukui-Miyazaki, Yasuhiko Horiguchi, Tomoya Yoshinari, Yoshiko Sugita-Konishi, Yoichi Kamata

Online Ahead of Print.

Abstract

Publication date: February 2016
, Volume 112

Author(s): Elena Sanchís, Sara González, Christian Ghidelli, Chirag C. Sheth, Milagros Mateos, Lluís Palou, María B. Pérez-Gago

Abstract

Based on bacterial genomic data, we developed a one-step multiplex PCR assay to identify Salmonella and simultaneously differentiate the two invasive avian-adapted S. enterica serovar Gallinarum biotypes Gallinarum and Pullorum, and the most frequent, specific, and asymptomatic colonizers of chickens, serovars Enteritidis, Heidelberg, and Kentucky.

e-First Articles.

Online Ahead of Print.

Online Ahead of Print.

Summary

Laurel J. Gershwin, Alison L. Van Eenennaam, Mark L. Anderson, Heather A. McEligot, Matt X. Shao, Rachel Toaff-Rosenstein, Jeremy F. Taylor, Holly L. Neibergs, James Womack, Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex Coordinated Agricultural Project Research Team

TcpP and ToxR coordinately regulate transcription of toxT, the master regulator of numerous virulence factors in Vibrio cholerae. TcpP and ToxR are membrane-localized transcription factors each with a periplasmic domain containing two cysteines. In ToxR these cysteines form an intramolecular disulfide bond and a cysteine to serine substitution affects activity. We determined that the two periplasmic cysteines of TcpP also form an intramolecular disulfide bond.

The reactive enamine, 2-aminoacrylate (2AA), is a metabolic stressor capable of damaging cellular components. Members of the broadly conserved Rid (RidA/YER057c/UK114) protein family mitigate 2AA stress in vivo by facilitating enamine/imine hydrolysis. Previous work showed that 2AA accumulation in ridA strains of Salmonella enterica led to the inactivation of multiple target enzymes, including serine hydroxymethyltransferase (GlyA).

Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) is a powerful biocide that has long been used commercially to control microbial activity in various sectors. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of dietary ClO2 on growth performance, intestinal and excreta microorganisms, and the emission of odorous gas from broiler excreta. A total of 120 one-day-old broiler chicks were provided with experimental diets including ClO2 at 0, 0.05, or 0.1% of the diet at random.

Current regulatory guidelines to control poultry-borne pathogens, more specifically Campylobacter jejuni, necessitate the need for novel applications of antimicrobials during poultry processing. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of peracetic acid (PAA; 100 and 200 ppm) and sodium hypochlorite (SH; 25 and 50 ppm) as antimicrobial interventions to reduce C. jejuni on fresh poultry using 2 separate application methods (spray and immersion).

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