Research Publications (Food Safety)

Publication date: July 2015
, Volume 114
Author(s): Dolapo Lawal , Catherine Burgess , Evonne McCabe , Paul Whyte , Geraldine Duffy

Publication date: Available online 1 May 2015

Author(s): Mathilde H. Josefsen , Sandra C. Andersen , Julia Christensen , Jeffrey Hoorfar

David Berendes, Karen Levy, Jackie Knee, Thomas Handzel, Vincent R. Hill

Foodborne Pathogens and Disease , Vol. 0, No. 0.

We studied the role of European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) as a reservoir for Coxiella burnetii in the Iberian region. High individual and population seroprevalences observed in wild and farmed rabbits, evidence of systemic infections, and vaginal shedding support the reservoir role of the European rabbit for C. burnetii.

Victoria C. Ewan, Andrew D. Sails, Angus W. G. Walls, Steven Rushton, Julia L. Newton

Methods

Publication date: September 2015
, Volume 107
Author(s): Yong Ju Lee , Byeong Su Jung , Kee-Tae Kim , Hyun-Dong Paik

Publication date: 15 November 2015
, Volume 187
Author(s): Lei Zhao , Heyan Zhang , Tianyang Hao , Siran Li

Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 (STEC) is one of the leading causes of food-poisoning around the world. Some STEC strains produce Shiga toxin 1 (Stx1) and/or Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2) or variants of either toxin, which are critical for the development of hemorrhagic colitis (HC) or hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Currently, there are no therapeutic treatments for HC or HUS. E.

Major changes in bacterial physiology including biofilm and spore formation involve signaling by the cyclic dinucleotides c-di-GMP and c-di-AMP. Recently, another second messenger dinucleotide, c-AMP-GMP, was found to control chemotaxis and colonization by Vibrio cholerae. We have identified a superregulon of genes controlled by c-AMP-GMP in numerous Deltaproteobacteria, including Geobacter...

Cyclic dinucleotides are an expanding class of signaling molecules that control many aspects of bacterial physiology. A synthase for cyclic AMP-GMP (cAG, also referenced as 3′-5′, 3′-5′ cGAMP) called DncV is associated with hyperinfectivity of Vibrio cholerae but has not been found in many bacteria, raising questions about the prevalence...

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is a foodborne pathogen causing hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. EHEC colonizes the intestinal tract through a range of virulence factors encoded by the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE), as well as Shiga toxin. Although the factors involved in colonization and disease are well characterized,...

Outbreaks of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis infections associated with eggs occurred in French Polynesia during 2008–2013. Molecular analysis of isolates by using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat polymorphisms and multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis was performed. This subtyping made defining the epidemic strain, finding the source, and decontaminating affected poultry flocks possible.

Listeria monocytogenesLM) is a major safety concern for smoked salmon producers, as it can survive both the brining and smoking process in cold smoked salmon production. Salmine is a cationic antimicrobial peptide derived from the milt of salmon that has been shown to inhibit the growth of LM in vitro. Commercialization of this peptide would add value to a waste product produced when raising salmon.

Neelja Singhal, Abhishikha Srivastava, Manish Kumar, Jugsharan Singh Virdi

Publication date: Available online 21 April 2015

Author(s): James C. Carlson , Doreene R. Hyatt , Jeremy W. Ellis , David R. Pipkin , Anna M. Mangan , Michael Russell , Denise S. Bolte , Richard M. Engeman , Thomas J. DeLiberto , George M. Linz

Publication date: Available online 25 April 2015

Author(s): Charlotta Löfström , Ann-Sofie Hintzmann , Gitte Sørensen , Dorte Lau Baggesen

Lisa Barco, Federica Barrucci, Enzo Cortini, Elena Ramon, John Elmerdahl Olsen, Ida Luzzi, Antonia Anna Lettini and Antonia Ricci The current picture of human salmonellosis shows Salmonella Typhimurium and S. 4,[5],12:i:- as the most common serovars in Italy. The aims of this study were to investigate the genetic relationship between these serovars, as well as to test the possibility of inferring sources of human salmonellosis due to S. Typhimurium and S.

Teruhisa Takagishi, Masataka Oda, Michiko Kabura, Mie Kurosawa, Kaori Tominaga, Shiori Urano, Yoshibumi Ueda, Keiko Kobayashi, Toshihide Kobayashi, Jun Sakurai, Yutaka Terao, Masahiro Nagahama

Aims
To develop and evaluate cross-priming amplification (CPA) combined with immuno-blotting for detection of coagulase-positive Staphylococci including Staphylococcus aureus.

We report an outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis phage type 14b (PT14b) in the United Kingdom (UK) between May and September 2014 where Public Health England launched an investigation to identify the source of infection and implement control measures. During the same period, outbreaks caused by a Salmonella Enteritidis strain with a specific multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) profile occurred in other European Union Member States.

Understanding of the colonization process of epithelial bacteria attached to the rumen tissue during rumen development is very limited. Ruminal epithelial bacterial colonization is of great significance for the relationship between the microbiota and the host and can influence the early development and health of the host.

Analysis of the genome of Bacillus halodurans strain C125 indicated that two pathways leading from a cytosine deoxyribonucleotide to dUMP, used for dTMP synthesis, were encoded by the genome of the bacterium. The genes that were responsible, the comEB gene and the dcdB gene, encoding dCMP deaminase and the bifunctional dCTP deaminase:dUTPase (DCD:DUT), respectively, were both shown to be expressed in B.

Mesophilic and psychrotrophic organism viable counts, as well as high-throughput 16S rRNA gene-based pyrosequencing, were performed with the aim of elucidating the origin of psychrotrophic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in a ready-to-eat (RTE) meal manufacturing plant. The microbial counts of the products at the end of the shelf life were greatly underestimated when mesophilic incubation was implemented due to overlooked, psychrotrophic members of the LAB.

IncA/C plasmids are broad-host-range plasmids enabling multidrug resistance that have emerged worldwide among bacterial pathogens of humans and animals. Although antibiotic usage is suspected to be a driving force in the emergence of such strains, few studies have examined the impact of different types of antibiotic administration on the selection of plasmid-containing multidrug resistant isolates.