Research Publications (Food Safety)

This study utilized a chicken model of chronic physiological stress mediated by corticosterone (CORT) administration to ascertain how various host metrics are altered upon challenge with Clostridium perfringens. ...

Epsilon-toxin produced by Clostridium perfringens significantly contributes to the pathogeneses of enterotoxemia in ruminants and multiple sclerosis in humans. Epsilon-toxin forms a heptameric oligomer in the host cell membrane, promoting cell disruption. Here, we investigate the effect of epsilon-toxin on epithelial barrier functions.

Author(s): Gunaranjan Paturi, Christine A. Butts, Duncan Hedderley, Halina Stoklosinski, Sheridan Martell, Hannah Dinnan, Elizabeth A. Carpenter

Despite the long-term interest in solventogenic clostridia-based ABE (acetone-butanol-ethanol) fermentation, clostridial butanol tolerance and its underlying mechanism remain poorly understood, which is a major obstacle hindering further improvements of this important fermentative process.

Author(s): R. Shanmugasundaram, A. Markazi, M. Mortada, T.T. Ng, T.J. Applegate, L.R. Bielke, B. Syed, C.M. Pender, S. Curry, G.R. Murugesan, R.K. Selvaraj

Author(s): Mahmoud Fayez, Ibrahim Elsohaby, Theeb Al-Marri, Kamal Zidan, Ali Aldoweriej, Elham El-Sergany, Ahmed Elmoslemany

Author(s): M. Hilliar, C. Keerqin, C.K. Girish, R. Barekatain, S.-B. Wu, R.A. Swick

Author(s): Ryunkyoung Oh, Min Jeong Lee, Young-Ok Kim, Bo-Hye Nam, Hee Jeong Kong, Ju-Won Kim, Jung-yeon Park, Jung-Kil Seo, Dong-Gyun Kim

Author(s): Uraisha Ramlucken, Santosh O. Ramchuran, Ghaneshree Moonsamy, Rajesh Lalloo, Mapitsi S. Thantsha, Christine Jansen van Rensburg

Author(s): H.K. Zanu, C. Keerqin, S.K. Kheravii, N.K. Morgan, S-B. Wu, M.R. Bedford, R.A. Swick

Aims The purpose of this study was to isolate Lactobacillus from gastrointestinal tract of healthy post‐weaning piglets and investigate its synergistic antimicrobial and probiotic effects with ZnO nanoparticles (nZnO). Methods and Results Out of the 128 isolates, L. plantarum BLPL03 was selected based on its excellent acid and bile salt tolerance properties. L.

Salmonella enterica, Listeria monocytogenes, Shigella flexneri, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio cholerae, Clostridium botulinum type A, Bacillus cereus, Clostridium perfringens Alpha toxin, and Yersinia enterocolitica are 11 common foodborne pathogens. Traditional bacterial culture methods for detecting pathogens are time‐consuming and labor‐intensive.

Pathogenic microorganisms use various mechanisms to conserve energy in host tissues and environmental reservoirs. One widespread but often overlooked means of energy conservation is through the consumption or production of molecular hydrogen (H2). Here, we comprehensively review the distribution, biochemistry, and physiology of H2 metabolism in pathogens. Over 200 pathogens and pathobionts carry genes for hydrogenases, the enzymes responsible for H2 oxidation and/or production.

Author(s): Hani El Kadri, Teyfik Celen, Alaa Alaizoki, Madeleine Smith, Helen Onyeaka

Author(s): Padmanabha Reddy Velugoti, Saurabh Kumar, Lalit Kumar Bohra, Vijay K. Juneja, Harshavardhan Thippareddi

Clostridium perfringens causes severe gastrointestinal diseases, which include necrotic enteritis (NE) in chickens, a deadly disease worldwide. We report here the draft genome sequence of Clostridium perfringens strain TAMU, which was used in developing an NE chicken challenge model. This C. perfringens TAMU genome sequence will aid in advancing potential intervention strategies to reduce NE pathogenesis.

Author(s): Jackie K. Cheung, Vicki Adams, Danielle D’Souza, Meagan James, Christopher J. Day, Michael P. Jennings, Dena Lyras, Julian I. Rood

Author(s): L. Grau-Roma, S. Blatter, C. Wenker, K. Sonja, M. Navarro, F. Uzal, H. Posthaus

Introduction: Clostridium perfringens is the cause of necrotic enteritis (NE) in chickens. A similar disease has occasionally been reported in psittacines. We diagnosed several outbreaks of NE in lorikeets (Trichoglossus haematodus).

Clostridium perfringens is an important human and animal pathogen that is the primary causative agent of necrotizing enteritis and enterotoxemia in many types of animals; it causes traumatic gas gangrene in humans and animals and is associated with cases of food poisoning in humans. C. perfringens produces a variety of toxins as well as many enzymes, including three sialidases, NanH, NanI, and NanJ. Sialidases could be important virulence factors that promote the pathogenesis of C.

Author(s): Yaodi Zhu, Jiaye Zhang, Miaoyun Li, Lijun Zhao, Hongrong Ren, Longgnag Yan, Gaiming Zhao, Chaozhi Zhu

Author(s): Simon Packer, Jane Day, Peter Hardman, Julia Cameron, Michael Kennedy, Jonathan Turner, Caroline Willis, Corinne Amar, Bayad Nozad, Maya Gobin

Author(s): Zhen Jia, Yanhong Liu, Chang-An Hwang, Lihan Huang

Epsilon toxin (ETX), produced by Clostridium perfringens types B and D, causes serious neurological disorders in animals. ETX can bind to the white matter of the brain and the oligodendrocytes, which are the cells forming the myelin sheath around neuron axons in the white matter of the central nervous system. After binding to oligodendrocytes, ETX causes demyelination in rat cerebellar slices.

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