Research Publications (Food Safety)

The real‐time recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) could complete the reaction at 35°C in 20 min, which is much faster and cheaper than real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Salmonella enterica serovars, Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium, were detected simultaneously by multiplex real‐time RPA method for the first time. The LOD of S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium without enrichment procedure was 102 CFU/25 g. After enrichment, the LOD was 10 CFU/25 g.

by Andrei I. S. Souza, Mauro M. S. Saraiva, Monique R. T. Casas, Gustavo M. Oliveira, Marita V. Cardozo, Valdinete P. Benevides, Fernanda O. Barbosa, Oliveiro C. Freitas Neto, Adriana M. Almeida, Angelo Berchieri Junior

Anti‐digestive enzyme, antioxidant, anti‐proliferative and antibacterial activities of the extract from Moringa oleifera at different extraction temperatures. Summary In an ultrasonic bath and for 30 min in the presence of water as extraction solvent in a ratio of 1:10 (g/mL), effect of extraction temperature on extraction of caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs) from Moringa oleifera leaves (MOL) was investigated.

The EDEN ISS greenhouse, integrated in two joined containers, is a confined mobile test facility in Antarctica for the development and optimization of new plant cultivation techniques for future space programs. The EDEN ISS greenhouse was used successfully from February to November 2018 for fresh food production for the overwintering crew at the Antarctic Neumayer III station.

Author(s): Lin Lin, Xue Liao, Changzhu Li, Mohamed A. Abdel-Samie, Haiying Cui

Author(s): Zengfeng Zhang, Jingxian Yang, Xuebin Xu, Xiujuan Zhou, Chunlei Shi, Xiaodong Zhao, Yanhong Liu, Xianming Shi

A large outbreak of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi infections is ongoing in Pakistan, predominantly in Sindh Province. Here, we report the sequencing and characterization of five XDR Salmonella Typhi isolates from the Punjab province of Pakistan that are closely related to the outbreak strain and carry the same IncY plasmid.

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica isolates are the leading cause of foodborne illness worldwide. Here, we report the draft genomes of 26 Salmonella isolates of food and clinical origin, belonging to four serovars, associated with outbreaks from 1999 to 2006 in the south of Brazil.

This is an announcement for the genome sequence of a clinical isolate of Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae isolated from the urine and prostate of a 6-year-old male Labrador retriever. This is one of the few reports of a Salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae isolate cultured from canine urine.

Five strains of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Infantis and two strains of S. enterica subsp. enterica serovar Kentucky isolated in 2017 from Ecuadorian layer poultry farms were sequenced using Illumina MiSeq technology. These isolates were collected on layer farms in central Ecuador, one of the most important areas of egg production in the country. The genome sequences of these isolates show valuable information for surveillance purposes.

We present here the complete genome sequences of three Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Muenchen strains, LG24, LG25, and LG26. All three strains were isolated from almond drupes grown in an orchard in San Joaquin County, California, in 2016. These genomic sequences are nonidentical and will contribute to our understanding of S. enterica genomics.

The combination of nisin, EDTA, and sulfite at a low dose of 0.625% exhibited higher antimicrobial activity than did a high dose of sulfite (1.25%) for shrimp preservation. Based on aerobic bacteria counts, psychrotrophic bacteria, and TVB‐N, shrimp treatment with combination of nisin, EDTA, and low‐dose sulfite were still acceptable within 10 days of storage.

The aim of the study was to assess the antibacterial properties of bioactive compounds released during the fermentation of goat’s milk by selected bacterial strains that are part of the kefir grain microflora. The material used in the experiments was kefir grain microflora (Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens subsp.

In Enterobacteriales, the AcrAB-TolC efflux pump exports substrates, including antimicrobials, from the cell. Overexpression of AcrAB-TolC can occur after exposure to fluoroquinolones, leading to multidrug resistance. The expression of AcrAB-TolC in Salmonella is primarily regulated by the transcriptional activator RamA. However, other transcriptional activators, such as MarA, SoxRS, and Rob, can influence AcrAB-TolC expression.

Fosfomycin is gaining renewed interest for treating urinary tract infections. Monitoring fosfomycin resistance is therefore important in order to detect the emergence of novel resistance mechanisms. Here, we used the Rapid Fosfomycin NP test to screen a collection of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from Switzerland and found a fosfomycin-resistant isolate in which a novel plasmid-mediated fosfomycin resistance gene, named fosL1, was identified.

Author(s): H.W. Kim, M.S. Rhee

While alternating between insects and mammals during its lifecycle, Yersinia pestis, the flea transmitted bacterium that causes plague, regulates its gene expression appropriately to adapt to these two physiologically disparate host environments. In fleas competent to transmit Y. pestis, low GC content genes y3555, y3551 and y3550 are highly transcribed, suggesting that these genes have a highly prioritized role in flea infection.

Nontyphoidal Salmonella species are globally disseminated pathogens and are the predominant cause of gastroenteritis. The pathogenesis of salmonellosis has been extensively studied using in vivo murine models and cell lines, typically challenged with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Although S.

Author(s): A.G. Ríos-Castillo, C. Ripolles-Avila, J.J. Rodríguez-Jerez

Author(s): Hongduo Bao, Yan Zhou, Khashayar Shahin, Hui Zhang, Fuliang Cao, Maoda Pang, Xuhui Zhang, Shujiao Zhu, Ademola Olaniran, Stefan Schmidt, Ran Wang

Contaminated vegetable seeds have been identified as a potential source of foodborne bacterial pathogens.  This study was undertaken to observe the behavior of Salmonella and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) on vegetable seeds, contaminated by direct contact with artificially inoculated soil, during germination.

Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica are leading causes of foodborne outbreaks linked to fresh produce. Both species can enter the "viable but nonculturable" (VBNC) state that precludes detection using conventional culture-based or molecular methods. In this study, we assessed propidium monoazide-quantitative PCR (PMA-qPCR) assays and novel methods combining PMA and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for the detection and quantification of VBNC E. coli O157:H7 and S.

Background Typhoid fever remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income settings. In the last 10 years, several reports have described the reemergence of typhoid fever in southern and eastern Africa, associated with multidrug-resistant H58 Salmonella Typhi. Here, we identify risk factors for pediatric typhoid fever in a large epidemic in Blantyre, Malawi. Methods A case-control study was conducted between April 2015 and November 2016.

Author(s): Lina Sheng, Zheng Zhang, Gang Sun, Luxin Wang

Salmonella typhimurium is able to form biofilms as a resistance mechanism against antimicrobials; therefore, it represents a problem for assuring food safety and highlights the importance of research on anti‐biofilm technologies. In this study, S. typhimurium biofilms were inactivated with the combination of clove essential oil (CEO) and ultraviolet light (UV‐C). The volatile composition of the CEO determined by gas chromatography showed eugenol as the major constituent (82%).