Research Publications (Food Safety)

A pan-susceptible Salmonella enterica serovar Worthington isolate was detected in the stool of a man returning from Sri Lanka. Under ceftriaxone treatment, a third-generation cephalosporin (3GC)-resistant Salmonella Worthington was isolated after 8 days. Molecular analyses indicated that the two isolates were identical. However, the latter strain acquired a blaDHA-1-carrying IncFII plasmid probably from a Citrobacter amalonaticus isolate colonizing the gut.

Author(s): Anas A. Al-Nabulsi, Tareq M. Osaili, Amin N. Olaimat, Weam E. Almasri, Mutamed Ayyash, Murad A. Al-Holy, Ziad W. Jaradat, Reyad S. Obaid, Richard A. Holley

Unfortunately, The first author’s name has been incorrectly published in the original publication of the article. The correct name of the author is “Youg Raj Thaker”.

ABSTRACT The worsening problem of antibiotic resistance prompts the need for alternative strategies that do not directly target bacteria. Virulent Salmonella pullorum strains can invade macrophages and lead to a systemic infection. Saikosaponin A (SSa), a bioactive saponin isolated from Radix bupleuri, has been demonstrated to exhibit anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and cholesterol regulatory activity.

ABSTRACT The nutritional cost of activating B cell-mediated immunity is thought to be low in chickens. However, this assumption is incompletely characterized. Immunoglobulin knockout (Ig-KO) chickens lacking B cells and immunoglobulin may potentially be a robust model to investigate the nutritional cost of immunity.

ABSTRACT Mechanically separated chicken (MSC) may be incorporated into other further processed foods, and has been identified as a transmission vehicle in human foodborne disease outbreaks involving the pathogen Salmonella enterica. Chickens possess pneumatic bones producing marrow, which may become infected with Salmonella and present a mechanism for Salmonella contamination of MSC.

Salmonella genomic island 1 (SGI1) is an integrative mobilizable element integrated into the chromosome of bacteria, which plays an important role in the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes. Lots of SGI1 variants are found mainly in Salmonella enterica and Proteus mirabilis. In this study, a total of 157 S. enterica and 132 P. mirabilis strains were collected from food-producing animals in Sichuan Province of China between December 2016 and November 2017.

Author(s): Byron Michael Berenger, Christina Ferrato, Linda Chui

Author(s): Rafael Antonio Casarin Penha Filho, Joseane Cristina Ferreira, Ana Maria Iba Kanashiro, Angelo Berchieri Junior, Ana Lúcia da Costa Darini

Author(s): Alessandra Longo, Carmen Losasso, Federica Vitulano, Eleonora Mastrorilli, Sara Turchetto, Sara Petrin, Claudio Mantovani, Maria Cristina Dalla Pozza, Elena Ramon, Gabriella Conedera, Carlo V. Citterio, Antonia Ricci, Lisa Barco, Antonia Anna Lettini

Abstract

An unusual mortality of wild boars occurred in Italy from 2012 to 2015 due to Salmonella Choleraesuis infection.

Salmonella genomic island 3 (SGI3) was first described as a chromosomal island in Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:–, a monophasic variant of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium. The SGI3 DNA sequence detected from Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:– isolated in Japan was identical to that of a previously reported one across entire length of 81 kb.

Author(s): Mary Theresa Callahan, Shirley A. Micallef

Author(s): Cibeli Viana, Mallu Jagnow Sereno, Kadigia Pegoraro, Ricardo Seiti Yamatogi, Douglas Ruben Call, Luciano dos Santos Bersot, Luís Augusto Nero

Author(s): Esin Nagihan Kasap, Üzeyir Doğan, Ferah Çoğun, Ender Yıldırım, İsmail Hakkı Boyacı, Demet Çetin, Zekiye Suludere, Uğur Tamer, Nusret Ertaş

Author(s): Kang-Mo Ku, Yu-Chun Chiu, Cangliang Shen, Matthew Jenks

SUMMARY A series of experiments were conducted to measure the effects of adding antimicrobials for 2 d: cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), hydrogen peroxide (HP), and/or sodium bisulfate (SB) to water drinker lines of market-age broilers on water usage, feed consumption, and inoculated Salmonella retention during feed and water withdrawal.

Detection of Salmonella on commercially processed broiler carcasses is essential to reduce the incidences of human salmonellosis. This study was designed to compare the standard procedure for Salmonella detection with two commercial screening methods. During seven separate visits to two processing plants, eight carcasses were obtained (n = 112). Each carcass was rinsed and the rinsate processed according to the U.S.

Effect of lime juice on pink discoloration of sous‐vide chicken in refrigerated storage is reported. Chicken breasts were marinated with 0.9% NaCl solution (CON), citric acid 1% (CIT), lime juice 0.5% (LL) and lime juice 1% (LH) for 12 h before sous‐vide cooking. The pH values in the CIT and LH groups were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than that of CON and LL groups. Expressible drip in the LL group was significantly (P < 0.05) higher.

Purple rice extract (PRE) retarded the testosterone‐induced rat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and suppressed the growth of human prostate cancer (LNCaP). These effects might cause by the reduction of androgen receptor (AR) activation. Therefore, the genes responsible for AR‐DHT complex were down‐regulated such as prostate specific antigen (PSA).

The aim of this study was to identify and characterize the SE‐P3, P16, P37, and P47 phages infecting Salmonella Enteritidis. Transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that the SE phages belonged to the Myoviridae or Siphoviridae family and had plaque sizes between 0.622 ± 0.027 and 1.630 ± 0.036 mm in diameter. sefC, pefA, spvC, sopE, and gipA virulent gene regions were absent in their genome and their calculated genome sizes were between 35.9 and 37.8 kbp.

Myxococcus xanthus displays several social behaviors involving cell–cell contacts. To understand the role of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in these behaviors, we identified key enzymes involved in O‐antigen and LPS biosynthesis: the polyisoprenyl‐phosphate hexose‐1‐phosphate transferase, responsible for priming O‐antigen synthesis and the O‐antigen ligase.

The bacterial pathogen Salmonella Typhimurium invades intestinal epithelial cells. Following invasion, the bacteria can either replicate within a membrane bound vacuole or escape into the cytosol. We show here that SipA, a secreted bacterial protein, facilitates the early survival and/or initiation of replication of cytosolic Salmonella. Summary Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is a facultative intracellular pathogen that invades the intestinal epithelium.

SiiA is required for the function of the Salmonella SPI4‐encoded T1SS. Using structural and functional studies, we show that the periplasmic domain of SiiA displays a peptidoglycan (PG)‐binding OmpA‐like fold and that SiiA binds PG in vitro and in vivo, albeit at an acidic pH, only. SiiA in complex with SiiB translocates protons across the inner membrane; however, further studies are needed to understand how SiiA uses the proton motif force to support the T1SS.

Aims:  This study aimed to compare the efficacy of different disinfection methods in eliminating Salmonella contamination from turkey houses. Methods and results:  Fifty depopulated turkey houses which had all housed Salmonella‐positive flocks were visited after cleaning and disinfection. A minimum of 45 swab samples from different surfaces were taken per house and analysed for the presence of Salmonella.

Use of bacteria in cancer therapy, despite being considered as a potent strategy, has not really picked up the way other methods of cancer therapies have evolved. However, in recent years, the interest on use of bacteria to kill cancer cells has renewed considerably. The standard and widely followed strategies of cancer treatment often fail either due to the complexity of tumour biology or because of the accompanying side effects.