Research Publications (Food Safety)

Environmental Microbiology, EarlyView. Wild birds are common reservoirs of Salmonella enterica. Wild birds carrying resistant S. enterica may pose a risk to public health as they can spread the resistant bacteria across large spatial scales within a short time. Here, we whole-genome sequenced 375 S. enterica strains from wild birds collected in 41 U.S. states during 1978–2019 to examine bacterial resistance to antibiotics and heavy metals. We found that Typhimurium was the dominant S.

Background This study was undertaken to identify and functionally characterize virulence genes from Salmonella isolates in street food and stool cultures. From February 2017 to May 2018, clinical and food Salmonella strains were isolated in three regions in Burkina Faso.

Author(s): Emine Kubra Tayyarcan, Sefika Evran, Pervin Ari Akin, Esra Acar Soykut, Ismail Hakki Boyaci Salmonellosis is among the most common foodborne diseases. Despite the precautions taken at every stage of the production, several Salmonella outbreaks were associated with hummus which has started to become a popular food across the world. Phages are used for the biocontrol of food pathogens and have several benefits including being effective, specific and safe.

The aim of this review was to provide an update on the complex relationship between manure application, altered pathogen levels and antibiotic resistance. This is necessary to protect health and improve the sustainability of this major farming practice in agricultural systems based on high levels of manure production.

Fish oil inclusion into a dry pet food provides a source of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in fish oil have antibacterial activity against various foodborne pathogens such as Salmonella and pathogenic Escherichia coli. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of temperature applied to dry pet food kibbles on the antimicrobial activity of Menhaden fish oil against Salmonella spp.

Beef is rich in various nutrients while easily spoils due to contamination by pathogens, thus it is of great significance to develop a bactericidal method to inactivate meat-borne pathogens and meanwhile maintain the freshness of beef.

Ingestion of food- or waterborne antibiotic-resistant bacteria may lead to dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the gut microbiota. The gut microbiota often suffers from various disturbances. It is not clear whether and how disturbed microbiota may affect ARG mobility under antibiotic treatments.

Palygorskite (Pal), a clay nanoparticle, has been demonstrated to be a vehicle for drug delivery. Copper has antibacterial properties, and zinc is an essential micronutrient for intestinal health in animals and humans. However, whether copper/zinc-modified Pal (Cu/Zn-Pal) can protect chickens from Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) infection remains unclear.

Author(s): Klaas De Baerdemaeker, Inge Van der Linden, Anton Nikiforov, Sophie Zuber, Nathalie De Geyter, Frank Devlieghere Non-thermal plasma (NTP) is known as an effective source of a variety of reactive species generated in the gas phase. Nowadays, NTP is gaining increasing interest from the food industry as a microbial inactivation technique.

Author(s): Xueping Chen, Muhammad Ishfaq, Jian Wang Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is one of the most toxic mycotoxins. It has been reported that dietary exposure to AFB1 is related to the low growth performance, immunosuppression and high susceptibility to infectious diseases of chickens. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the protective effects of Lactobacillus salivarius on broiler chickens challenged with AFB1.

Bee venom (BV), or apitoxin, is a complex substance produced by a gland in the abdominal cavity of bees. The main component of BV is melittin, which is a largely studied substance due to its biological properties. To date, the most well-known bee venom and melittin are derived from domesticated honey bees, while venom and melittin derived from wild honey bees have been under-investigated.

Salmonella is one of the most important food borne zoonotic pathogens. While mainly associated with poultry, it has also been associated with pigs. Compared to the high-income countries, there is much less known on the prevalence of Salmonella in low- and middle-income countries, especially in the Caribbean area. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence of Salmonella in pigs and pig meat in Suriname.

Gram-negative Tripartite Resistance Nodulation and cell Division (RND) superfamily efflux pumps confer various functions, including multidrug and bile salt resistance, quorum-sensing, virulence and can influence the rate of mutations on the chromosome. Multidrug RND efflux systems are often characterized by a wide substrate specificity. Similarly to many other RND efflux pump systems, AcrAD-TolC confers resistance toward SDS, novobiocin and deoxycholate.

Author(s): Unji Kim, Ye-Ji Moon, Jin-Hee Kim, So-Young Lee, Se-Wook Oh The filter concentration method facilitates the rapid detection of foodborne pathogens. The filter concentration method lowered the limit of detection (LOD) of artificially inoculated cabbage with Salmonella Typhimurium; however, the procedure injured foodborne pathogens during filtering procedure.

Journal of Applied Microbiology, Accepted Article. Aims
This study examined the effects of water activity (aw), ammonia, and Corynebacterium urealyticum on the survival of Salmonella Typhimurium in sterile poultry litter.

Author(s): Shuang Xie, Hang Zhang, Radebe Stoffel Matjeke, Jiayi Zhao, Qinghua Yu Bacillus coagulans (B. coagulans) have proven to be effective in improving the development of gut immunity and microbiome, and offering protection against pathogens, especially in young animals. The newborn chicks are highly vulnerable to the foodborne pathogenic Salmonella infections, leading to high mortality and economic loss. However, whether B.

This research was to explore antibiotic-induced drug resistance of Salmonella enteritidis and its biofilm formation mechanism. Kirby-Bauer (K-B) disk method recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) was used to test drug sensitivity of Salmonella enteritidis to 16 kinds of antibiotics including ß-lactams, aminoglycosides, quinolones, sulfonamides, chloramphenicols, and tetracyclines.

Author(s): Qiandai Shi, Jing Jing Wang, Lu Chen, Zhiyun Peng, Qiao-Hui Zeng, Yongheng Zhu, Yong Zhao Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) is an effective alternative to traditional antibiotics to broadly kill bacteria. This study aimed to develop a potent PDI system by coupling calcinated melamine sponges (CMSs) with the Fenton reaction.

Salmonella enterica is well-known for its ability to survive and persist in low-moisture environments.

Author(s): Estefanía Novoa Rama, Matthew Bailey, Sanjay Kumar, Cortney Leone, Henk C. den Bakker, Harshavardhan Thippareddi, Manpreet Singh Non-typhoidal Salmonella is the second most common bacterial cause of foodborne illness in the United States. More than 50% of the poultry meat sold in the U.S. is categorized as no antibiotics ever (NAE), yet it is unclear how these practices affect the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of Salmonella.

Author(s): Martin Laage Kragh, Louisa Obari, Alyssa Marie Caindec, Hanne Aarslev Jensen, Lisbeth Truelstrup Hansen The historic view on low-moisture foods (LMFs) as safe due to the lack of microbial growth in these foods is challenged by an increasing number of reports of outbreaks and recalls caused by LMFs contaminated with foodborne pathogens.

Author(s): Minto Michael, Jennifer C. Acuff, Daniel Vega, Amninder S. Sekhon, Lakshmikantha H. Channaiah, Randall K. Phebus Foodborne pathogens like Salmonella and Escherichia coli O121 can endure the harsh low water activity (aw) environment of wheat flour for elongated periods of time and can proliferate when hydrated for baking or other purposes.

Author(s): Xin Yin, Yezhi Fu, Heather Tate, Casey Pinto, Edward G. Dudley, Nkuchia M. M'ikanatha

Introduction
Salmonella Typhimurium is the leading cause of foodborne illnesses in the U.S., causing over a million cases each year. In recent years, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) has become a standard tool for routine epidemiological subtyping.

The limitations in the therapeutic options for foodborne pathogens lead to treatments failure, especially for multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella sp., worldwide. Therefore, we aimed to find alternative and complementary therapies against these resistant foodborne pathogens. Out of 100 meat products samples, the prevalence rate of salmonella was 6%, serotyped only as S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis.

Foodborne pathogens significantly impact public health globally. Excessive antimicrobial use plays a significant role in the development of the public health crisis of antibiotic resistance. Here, we determined the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of E. coli O157, Salmonella, L. monocytogenes, and Campylobacter isolated between 2016 and 2020 from small scale agricultural settings that were amended with dairy cattle or poultry manure in Northeastern Ohio.