Research Publications (Food Safety)

The emergence of extensive drug-resistant (XDR) Salmonella in livestock animals especially in poultry represents a serious public health and therapeutic challenge. Despite the wealth of information available on Salmonella resistance to various antimicrobials, there have been limited data on the genetic determinants of XDR Salmonella exhibiting co-resistance to ciprofloxacin (CIP) and tigecycline (TIG).

The objective of the present study was to analyze the prevalence of Salmonella in multiple food commodities in China by performing a meta-analysis. Accordingly, we screened studies that examined the prevalence of Salmonella in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Methodological quality assessment and heterogeneity analyses were performed for included studies. The prevalence rate with the 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was selected as the effect size.

Salmonella enterica is known as one of the most common foodborne pathogens worldwide. While salmonellosis is usually self-limiting, severe infections may require antimicrobial therapy. However, increasing resistance of Salmonella to antimicrobials, particularly fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins, is of utmost concern. The present study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility of S. enterica isolated from pork, the major product in Philippine livestock production.

Background Typhoid fever causes substantial morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries. We conducted a case-control study in Vellore, southern India, to understand risk factors for transmission of typhoid.

Author(s): Shraddha Karanth, Collins K. Tanui, Jianghong Meng, Abani K. Pradhan The past few years have seen a significant increase in availability of whole genome sequencing information, allowing for its incorporation in predictive modeling for foodborne pathogens to account for inter- and intra-species differences in their virulence.

Salmonella contamination of eggs and egg shells has been identified as a public health problem worldwide. Here, we reported an outbreak of severe gastrointestinal symptoms caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. enteritidis) in China. We evaluated the outbreak by using epidemiological surveys, routine laboratory testing methods, and whole genome sequencing (WGS).

Author(s): José L. Medina-Santana, David Ortega-Paredes, Sofia de Janon, Elton Burnett, Maria Ishida, Brian Sauders, Mieke Stevens, Christian Vinueza-Burgos The study of non-typhoid Salmonella in broiler integrations has been limited by the resolution of typing techniques. Although serotyping of Salmonella isolates is used as a traditional approach, it is not of enough resolution to clearly understand the dynamics of this pathogen within poultry companies.

Accurate and rapid quantification of foodborne pathogens is of great significance for food safety and human health. In this work, we have successfully constructed a fluorescence quenching collapsar probe (FQCP) on the basis of a conventional aptamer-encoded molecular beacon (AEMB) and applied it for the detection of Salmonella. In structure, the FQCP is assembled by AEMBs in fours via specific streptavidin and biotin binding.

Author(s): Michael G. Kaiser, John Hsieh, Pete Kaiser, Susan J. Lamont

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the most serious threats to medical science. Food supply is recognized as a potential source of resistant bacteria, leading to the development of surveillance programs targeting primarily poultry, pork, and beef.

This study aimed to determine the global prevalence and molecular characterization of CTX-M-producing Salmonella Typhimurium isolates. A total of 330 (15.2%, 330/21779) blaCTX-M-positive S. Typhimurium were obtained from the public databases in July 2021. Thirteen variants were found in the 330 members of the blaCTX-M group, and blaCTX-M-9 (26.4%, 88/330) was the most prevalent. The majority of blaCTX-M-positive S.

Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, Accepted Article. Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis (SE) is a pathogenic bacteria frequently isolated from shell eggs. Among the surface pasteurization methods, infrared heating provides an easy and eco-friendly application. To eliminate SE on the surface of shell eggs, pasteurization was applied via two different approaches.

Salmonella enterica is a significant and phylogenetically diverse zoonotic pathogen. To understand its genomic heterogeneity and antimicrobial resistance, we performed long-read sequencing on Salmonella isolated from retail meats and food animals. A collection of 134 multidrug-resistant isolates belonging to 33 serotypes were subjected to PacBio sequencing.

by Nadine A. Vogt, Benjamin M. Hetman, David L. Pearl, Adam A. Vogt, Richard J. Reid-Smith, E. Jane Parmley, Nicol Janecko, Amrita Bharat, Michael R. Mulvey, Nicole Ricker, Kristin J. Bondo, Samantha E. Allen, Claire M. Jardine To better understand the contribution of wildlife to the dissemination of Salmonella and antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella and Escherichia coli, we examined whole-genome sequence data from Salmonella and E.

Author(s): Shifeng Wang, Charles L. Hofacre, Soo-Young Wanda, Jingyu Zhoua Richard A. Callum, Bob Nordgren, Roy Curtiss Gram-positive Clostridium perfringens type G, the causative agent of necrotic enteritis (NE), has gained more attention in the poultry industry due to governmental restrictions on the use of growth-promoting antibiotics in poultry feed.

Journal of Food Safety, EarlyView. Occurrences and contamination of Salmonella enterica on produce are a significant food safety issue. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of low-dose gamma radiation on survival and reductions of S. enterica on postharvest carrot and tomato. Irradiation treatments of 0–1 kGy were applied on produce, following pathogen inoculations in replicated experiments.

by Chu Wang, Christian Nehls, Dirk Baabe, Olaf Burghaus, Robert Hurwitz, Thomas Gutsmann, Martin Bröring, Michael Kolbe The methyltransferase FliB posttranslationally modifies surface-exposed ɛ-N-lysine residues of flagellin, the protomer of the flagellar filament in Salmonella enterica (S. enterica). Flagellin methylation, reported originally in 1959, was recently shown to enhance host cell adhesion and invasion by increasing the flagellar hydrophobicity.

Author(s): Sophia Inbaraj, Ravi Kant Agrawal, Prasad Thomas, Chandra Mohan, S Agarwal R.K, Med Ram Verma, Pallab Chaudhuri A retrospective antimicrobial resistance study of nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica isolates from India during 1990-2017 was conducted to study the microbial susceptibility to antibiotics.

Third-generation cephalosporins (3GCs) are preferred treatments for serious human Salmonella enterica infections. Beef cattle are suspected to contribute to human 3GC-resistant Salmonella infections. Commensal 3GC-resistant Escherichia coli are thought to act as reservoirs of 3GC resistance since they are more frequently isolated than 3GC-resistant Salmonella at beef cattle feedyards.

Salmonella Typhimurium is a common pathogen infecting the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals, causing host gastroenteritis and typhoid fever. Heat shock protein (HtpG) as a molecular chaperone is involved in the various cellular processes of bacteria, especially under environmental stress. However, the potential association of HtpG with S. Typhimurium infection remains unknown. In this study, we clarified that HtpG could also play a role as an effector in S. Typhimurium infection.

Author(s): Collins K. Tanui, Shraddha Karanth, Patrick M.K. Njage, Jianghong Meng, Abani K. Pradhan As the cost of genome sequencing of foodborne pathogens decreases, it has become possible to sequence a large number of isolates and evaluate those using machine learning algorithms. This study aimed to utilize machine learning algorithms to predict the disease endpoints in untagged Salmonella genome sequences isolated from ground chicken.

Salmonella contamination is a critical problem in poultry farms, with serious consequences for both animals and food products. The aim of this study is to investigate the use of phage cocktails to reduce Salmonella contamination in poultry farms. Within the scope of the study, Salmonella phages were isolated from chicken stool.

by Emilia Fernanda Agostinho Davanzo, Rebecca Lavarini dos Santos, Virgilio Hipólito de Lemos Castro, Joana Marchesini Palma, Bruno Rocha Pribul, Bruno Stéfano Lima Dallago, Bruna Fuga, Margareti Medeiros, Simoneide Souza Titze de Almeida, Hayanna Maria Boaventura da Costa, Dália dos Prazeres Rodrigues, Nilton Lincopan, Simone Perecmanis, Angela Patrícia Santana

Antimicrobial resistance genes are often associated with integrons, which promote their movement between and within DNA molecules. IntFinder 1.0 and I-VIP v1.2 were used for the detection of integrons and their associated resistance genes in assembled sequences and raw reads. A dataset comprising 1688 sequenced Salmonella enterica isolates from countries of the Andean Community was developed.

Salmonella is the leading cause of bacterial foodborne zoonoses in humans. Thus, the development of strategies to control bacterial pathogens in poultry is essential. Peanut skins, a considerable waste by-product of the peanut industry is discarded and of little economic value. However, peanut skins contain polyphenolic compounds identified that have antimicrobial properties.