Research Publications (Food Safety)

Author(s): Yewande O. Fasina, Temitayo O. Obanla, Peter R. Ferket, Devendra H. Shah

Author(s): Grace Dewi, Divek V.T. Nair, Claire Peichel, Timothy J. Johnson, Sally Noll, Anup Kollanoor Johny

Salmonellosis occurs frequently worldwide, causing serious threats to public health safety. The abuse of antibiotics is increasing the antibiotic resistance in bacteria, thereby making the prevention and control of Salmonella more difficult. A phage can help control the spread of bacteria. In this study, S55, a lytic phage, was isolated from faecal samples obtained from poultry farms using Salmonella Pullorum ( S . Pullorum) as the host bacterium.

Horizontal gene transfer is an important mechanism which facilitates bacterial populations in overcoming antimicrobial treatment. In this study, a total of 120 Escherichia coli and 62 Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica isolates were isolated from broiler chicken farms in Alberta. Fourteen serovars were identified among Salmonella isolates. Thirty one percent of E.

Commensal bacteria within the gut microbiome contribute to development of host tolerance to infection, however, identifying specific microbes responsible for this response is difficult. Here we describe methods for developing microfluidic organ-on-a-chip models of small and large intestine lined with epithelial cells isolated from duodenal, jejunal, ileal, or colon organoids derived from wild type or transgenic mice.

Biological soil amendments of animal origin (BSAAO) increase nutrient levels in soils to support the production of fruits and vegetables. BSAAOs may introduce or extend the survival of bacterial pathogens which can be transferred to fruits and vegetables to cause foodborne illness.

In this study, we established a rapid and sensitive method for the detection of viable Salmonella Typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes in milk using biotin-exposure-based immunomagnetic separation (IMS) combined with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), propidium monoazide (PMA), and multiplex real-time PCR (mRT-PCR). We used IMS to lessen the assay time for isolation of target bacteria. We then optimized the coupling conditions and immunomagnetic capture process.

Author(s): Qing Chen, Yaxin Liu, Ziyi Zhang, Ke Li, Bin Liu, Tianli Yue

Author(s): A.M. Ashcraft, M.E. Coles, L.C. Beer, B.D.M. Graham, G. Tellez-Isaias, B. Wooming, B.M. Hargis

The pathogen Salmonella enterica is a leading cause of infection worldwide. Nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) serovars typically cause inflammatory diarrhea in healthy individuals, and can cause bacteremia in immunocompromised patients, children, and the elderly. Management of NTS infection poses a challenge because antibiotic treatment prolongs fecal shedding of the pathogen and is thus not recommended for most patients.

The insect gut is home to a wide range of microorganisms, including several bacterial species. Such bacterial symbionts provide various benefits to their insect hosts. One of such services is providing metabolites that resist infections. Little data are available about gut-inhabiting bacteria for several insect groups.

Animals are considered important sources of ESBL/AmpC-producing bacteria in humans. We analyzed indications of transfer of ESBL/AmpC genes between pigs and pig farmers in Vietnam by analyzing whole genome sequences of 114 ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli isolated from the two hosts, and performed conjugation experiments and plasmid profiling to confirm that such transfer could have happened.

In the bacterial flagellar motor, the cell-wall-anchored stator uses an electrochemical gradient across the cytoplasmic membrane to generate a turning force that is applied to the rotor connected to the flagellar filament. Existing theoretical concepts for the stator function are based on the assumption that it anchors around the rotor perimeter by binding to peptidoglycan (P).

ABSTRACT

The genome of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium LT7 comprises a chromosome and two plasmids. One plasmid is very close to pSLT of Salmonella Typhimurium LT2; the second harbors a shufflon region. Prophage content is distinct: LT7 lacks Fels-1, while Gifsy-1 and Fels-2 show island-like divergence and likely programmed inversion, respectively.

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Choleraesuis is a foodborne pathogen with zoonotic potential. We report the draft genome sequence and a closed plasmid sequence from a plant-internalized S. Choleraesuis strain that was isolated from the pulp of a Spanish Galia melon purchased from a German supermarket in 2015.

Journal of Food Safety, EarlyView. Salmonella enterica is an important foodborne pathogen. Its rapid and reliable detection in food is critical for the effective prevention of the outbreak of foodborne diseases. Here, we report a novel method for the rapid, specific, label‐free, and real‐time detection of S. enterica with biolayer interferometry (BLI) using an antibody as the receptor. The limit of detection for S. enterica in buffer was 1.6 × 105 CFU/ml at a binding time of 300 s.

The use of whole genome sequencing (WGS) data generated by the long-read sequencing platform Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) has been shown to provide reliable results for Salmonella serotype prediction in a previous study.

Author(s): Antonia Kreitlow, André Becker, Ulrich Schotte, Burkhard Malorny, Madeleine Plötz, Amir Abdulmawjood

Cocoa roasting produces and enhances distinct flavor of chocolate and acts as a critical control point for inactivation of foodborne pathogens in chocolate production. In this study, the inactivation kinetics of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Oranienburg strain was assessed on whole cocoa beans using roasting protocols relevant to the fine chocolate industry. Beans were inoculated with 107–108 log10 CFU/bean of Salmonella Oranienburg and roasted at 100–150°C for 2–100 min.

Author(s): Wei Li, Yanfei Yan, Jia Chen, Ruiwen Sun, Yuxuan Wang, Tingfen Wang, Zitian Feng, Kai Peng, Juan Wang, Sheng Chen, Yanping Luo, Ruichao Li, Baowei Yang

Implementation of guidelines to reduce the amount of biodegradable municipal waste (BMW) sent to landfill has created a need in the waste-management industry to investigate possible methods of accelerating biostabilisation of residual BMW. The effect of commercially feasible manipulations (lime and green waste (GW)) on the rate of biostabilisation of the fine (<20 mm) fraction of residual BMW was investigated.

Migratory wild birds acquire antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria from contaminated habitats and then act as reservoirs and potential spreaders of resistant elements through migration. However, the role of migratory wild birds as antimicrobial disseminators in the Arabian Peninsula desert, which represents a transit point for birds migrating all over Asia, Africa, and Europe not yet clear.

Salmonella Infantis, a common contaminant of poultry products, is known to harbor mobile genetic elements that confer multi-drug resistance (MDR) and have been detected in many continents. Here, we report four MDR S. Infantis strains recovered from poultry house environments in Santa Cruz Island of the Galapagos showing extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) resistance and reduced fluoroquinolone susceptibility.

Zoonoses and Public Health, EarlyView. In the last 10 years, Salmonella Heidelberg has been extensively isolated from poultry in several countries. In this context, molecular characterization is essential to understand whether the strains have entered the farms from a single or several sources. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the genetic relationship and antimicrobial susceptibility of S.