Research Publications (Food Safety)

Background

Background

Author(s): A. Arun Prince Milton, Kasanchi M. Momin, G. Bhuvana Priya, Samir Das, M. Angappan, Arnab Sen, D.K. Sinha, Sandeep Ghatak

Poultry remains one of the top food commodities responsible for foodborne illness in the U.S., despite poultry industry efforts since the inception of HACCP to reduce the burden of foodborne illness implicating poultry products. The appropriate use of antimicrobial compounds during processing of raw poultry can help minimize this risk. Currently, peroxyacetic acid (PAA) is the most popular antimicrobial in the poultry industry, displacing chlorine compounds and others.

We investigated trends in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in poultry between 2010 and 2016 in Germany and their association with antimicrobial use. Campylobacter had been isolated from the caeca of broilers and turkeys at slaughter by regional laboratories according to current ISO methods in the framework of a national monitoring program.

The objective of this work was to determine the antibacterial effect of Lactobacillus plantarum strains of pork origin against Campylobacter coli strains, and to conduct experimental colonization pilot models in mice for both microorganisms. Inhibition assays allowed evaluation and selection of L. plantarum LP5 as the strain with the highest antagonistic activity against C. coli and with the best potential to be used in in vivo study.

Author(s): Hend A. Abdelmageed, Ahmed S. Mandour, Attia A. El Gedawy, Mohamed Fawzy, Salim Al-Rejaie, Tetsuya Furuya, Mahmoud Ezzat

Introduction
Dogs are known as asymptomatic carriers forCampylobacter jejuni. The number of pet dogs is increasing in Egypt in the last decade.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the frequency ofC. jejuni infection in dogs and humans, molecular typing of associated virulence genes, and flaA-SVR gene using sequencing.

Zoonoses and Public Health, EarlyView. Campylobacter is a leading cause of acute bacterial gastroenteritis in humans worldwide and are a major contributor to the global burden of foodborne disease (The World Health Organization, 2015).

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, Accepted Article. Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni), is considered among the most common bacterial causes of human bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. The epidemiology and the transmission dynamics of campylobacteriosis in Egypt remain poorly defined due to the limited use of high-resolution typing methods. In this pilot study, we evaluated the discriminatory power of multiple typing ‘gene-by-gene based’ techniques to characterize C.

The transfer of antimicrobial-resistant bacterial strains from poultry products to humans has become a public health issue, a possible cause being the indiscriminate antibiotics use in poultry production. Therefore, in this study we examined the susceptibility of 24 Campylobacter isolates from broiler chicken carcasses from supermarkets, informal markets, and a slaughterhouse in Maputo, Mozambique, to 13 antibiotics.

Food poisoning associated with microbial pathogens causes millions of foodborne disease cases in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Awareness about foodborne pathogens may play a positive role in the reduction of foodborne illnesses. The present cross-sectional study investigates awareness about five major microbial pathogens (Salmonella, Campylobacter, Staphylococcus, Listeria, and Escherichia coli) among university students () from four major cities in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Little is known about the prevalence of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) bacteria in veal meat in the United States.  We estimated the prevalence of bacterial contamination and AMR in various veal meats collected during the 2018 U.S.

A previously identified transcriptional regulator in C. jejuni, termed HeuR, was found to positively regulate heme utilization. Additionally, transcriptomic work demonstrated the putative operons, CJJ81176_1390-1394 and CJJ81176_1214-1217, were upregulated in a HeuR mutant, suggesting HeuR negatively regulates expression of these genes. Because genes within these clusters include a cystathionine β-lyase (metC) and a methionine synthase (metE), it appeared HeuR negatively regulates C.

Antimicrobial resistance in bacterial pathogens associated with bovine mastitis and human foodborne illnesses from contaminated food and water have an impact on animal and human health. Phenolic compounds have antimicrobial properties and some specialty sorghum grains are high in phenolic compounds, and the grain extract may have the potential as a natural antimicrobial alternative.

New Zealand (NZ) has a high rate of reported campylobacteriosis cases. Cross-contamination in home kitchens during poultry handling is considered to be the main factor in campylobacteriosis transmission. The main aim of this study was to measure NZ consumers' food safety awareness and self-reported food safety practices associated with handling raw poultry. This study will contribute to the existing knowledge to explain the reasons behind the increase of campylobacteriosis incidents.

Campylobacter jejuni is the main pathogen identified in cases of foodborne gastroenteritis worldwide. Its importance in poultry production and public health is highlighted due to the growing antimicrobial resistance. Our study comparatively investigated the effect of five different classes of antimicrobials on the planktonic and biofilm forms of 35 strains of C. jejuni with high phylogenetic distinction in 30 of them.

ABSTRACT Previous studies indicated that Campylobacter has developed several mechanisms that confer resistance to florfenicol, which is used in food animal production. This study describes the coexistence of optrA and fexA in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolates from pigs and poultry.

Campylobacter coli is a major foodborne pathogen worldwide that causes campylobacteriosis cases in humans and is an emerging threat in developing countries. The rapid dissemination of the macrolide resistance gene erm(B) poses a significant threat to the clinical therapy of campylobacteriosis. Here, we report the draft genome sequences of one Campylobacter coli strain possessing erm(B), isolated from the cecal contents of poultry in Jinhua, China.

by Tegan N. Clarke, Megan A. Schilling, Luca A. Melendez, Sandra D. Isidean, Chad K. Porter, Frédéric M. Poly

Introduction

Developing effective therapeutics or preventive interventions for important health threats is greatly enhanced whenever accessible models can enable the assessment of clinically important outcomes. While no non-human model is ever perfect, inexpensive in vivo small animal models in such as mice are often of great help in assessing the relevant efficacy of potential interventions.

Campylobacter jejuni is the pathogen most commonly associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). The present work describes the draft genome sequences of 3 C. jejuni strains, BD39, BD67, and BD75, isolated from stool specimens of patients with C. jejuni-triggered GBS using Illumina technologies.

Campylobacter jejuni is among the most prevalent foodborne zoonotic pathogens leading to diarrheal diseases. In this study, we developed a CRISPR-Cas12b-based system to rapidly and accurately detect C. jejuni contamination. Identification of C. jejuni-specific and -conserved genomic signatures is a fundamental step in development of the detection system. By comparing C.

Author(s): S. Vaddu, J. Kataria, T.S. Belem, G. Sidhu, A.E. Moller, C. Leone, M. Singh, H. Thippareddi

In this study, we compared the efficiency of culture-based methods with or without membrane filtration, real-time PCR and digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) for the detection of Campylobacter in fresh produce. Alfalfa sprouts, clover sprouts, coleslaw, and lettuce salad spiked with Campylobacter jejuni ( C.

Thermophilic Campylobacter species are among the major etiologies of bacterial enteritis globally. This study aimed at assessing the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles, virulence genes, and genetic diversity of thermophilic Campylobacter species isolated from a layer poultry farm in South Korea. One hundred fifty-three chicken feces were collected from two layer poultry farms in Gangneung, South Korea.