Research Publications (Food Safety)

The efficiency of a molecularly imprinted polymer as a selective packing material for solid‐phase extraction of imatinib mesylate sorption was investigated. Molecularly imprinted polymer was prepared using N, N'‐methylenebisacrylamide, as a cross‐linker agent, N‐vinylcaprolactam as a thermo‐sensitive monomer, 1‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone and methyl methacrylate as functional monomers, azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator and imatinib mesylate as a template.

Despite substantial developments of extraction and separation techniques, isolation of natural products from natural sources is still a challenging task. Undoubtedly hybrid methods like LC‐NMR or LC‐MS made on‐line structure elucidation possible and provided impressive examples of natural product identification without prior isolation, however, in many cases the necessity to get the purified compounds in hand is still a fact.

Metals are among the most prevalent pollutants released into the environment. For these reasons, the use of biomarkers for environmental monitoring of individuals and populations exposed to metal pollution has gained considerable attention, offering fast and sensitive detection of chemical stress in organisms.

In order to determine the potential heavy metal contamination in soil across Dongguan City, 124 soil samples from seven land use types were collected, four heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cr, and Cu) were analyzed. Total Cd, Cr, and Cu contents were significantly higher than the background values for Guangdong Province. Lead bioaccessibility in urban green land was lower than that in industrial and abandoned districts.

The objective of this study is to identify the feasibility of using rhamnolipid biosurfactant to remediate heavy metals contained in manganese nodules collected from the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone, Pacific Ocean. Deep-sea manganese nodules may represent one of the most important future natural resources for heavy metals due to the depletion of resources on land.

ABSTRACT This study linked growth inhibition of soil bacteria and protists to the chemical activity (a) of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and compared the sensitivities of bacteria and protists. Passive dosing from pre-loaded silicone provided well-defined and constant a of PAHs in independent tests.

Galactosaminogalactan (GAG) is an insoluble aminosugar polymer produced by Aspergillus fumigatus and has anti-inflammatory properties. Here, the minimum glycosidic sequences required for the induction of IL-1Ra by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was investigated. Using chemical degradation of native GAG to isolate soluble oligomers, we have found that the de-N-acetylation of galactosamine residues and the size of oligomer are critical for the in vitro immune response.

Author(s): Hui Li, Guilan Di, Yi Zhang, Rongrong Xue, Jing Zhang, Junping Liang

Author(s): Madelaine Venzon, Pedro H.B. Togni, André L. Perez, Juliana M. Oliveira

In this paper, two varieties of potato (Ranger Russet and Van Gogh) with various slice size (9, 6, and 3 mm) were deep fried at various temperatures and time combinations (150, 170, and 190°C for 10, 20, and 30 min) and contents and kinetic parameters of acrylamide were investigated. Formation of acrylamide for both potato varieties followed zero‐order reaction models. As the frying temperature and time increased, formation of acrylamide increased in both potato varieties.

This study focused on the effects of biochar (BC) application on soil chemical properties and mobilization of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in the paddy soil. BC was applied at the rate of 0, 10, 20 and 40 t ha‐1, respectively. BC application caused significant increase in soil organic carbon contents (SOC), pH, nitrate nitrogen (NO3‐‐N), and available phosphorus contents (AP) in the top and subsurface soil, while SOC contents in the subsurface soil decreased with increasing rate of BC.

Both cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are associated with bone health, but studies exploring the effects of Cd and Pb co‐exposure on bone health are rare. This study aimed to assess the interactive effects of Cd and Pb co‐exposure on bone health. In total, 799 participants, living in the targeted areas (located in southwestern China) for more than 15 years, aged 40‐75 years, and subsisted on homegrown rice and vegetables were investigated.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND The low cost of aminoglycoside (AMG) antibiotics facilitates their excessive use in animal husbandry and agriculture sector. This scenario has led to the occurrence of residues in the food chain. After several years of AMGs use in antibacterial therapy, resistance to streptomycin has begun to appear. The method lacks AMG specificity previously reported against a single antibiotic and described as selective.

ABSTRACT In this paper the relationship between lipophilic grape seed proanthocyanidin (LGSP) and acrylamide formation in potato‐based products was investigated. The acrylamide, reducing sugar, asparagine, and 3‐aminopropionamide contents were determined by high performance liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (HPLC‐MS). Sensory evaluation was used to evaluate the quality of the products.

The present study was envisaged with an aim to determine the occurrence of antibiotic residues; enrofloxacin, oxytetracycline, penicillin G, sulphamethoxazole and chloramphenicol as well as mycotoxins; aflatoxin M1 and ochratoxin A in raw milk samples collected from individual animals from dairy farms located in 9 districts of Punjab, India. A total of 168 raw milk samples were collected and analysed using commercially available competitive Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kits.

Staphylococcus aureus is a bacterial pathogen that causes food poisoning, various infections, and sepsis. Effective strategies and new drugs are needed to control S. aureus associated infections due to the emergence and rapid dissemination of antibiotic resistance. In the present study, the antibacterial activity, potential mode of action, and applications of flavonoids from licorice were investigated.

Author(s): Johanne Ellis-Iversen, Anne Mette Seyfarth, Helle Korsgaard, Valeria Bortolaia, Nanna Munck, Anders Dalsgaard

Author(s): Lijing Ke, Penglan Zhang, Leiwen Xiang, Hailin Wang, Pingfan Rao, Shaoyun Wang

Author(s): Hélène Licandro, Phu Ha Ho, Thi Kim Chi Nguyen, Awanwee Petchkongkaew, Hai Van Nguyen, Son Chu-Ky, Thi Viet Anh Nguyen, Da Lorn, Yves Waché

Author(s): Afsheen Zehra, Zulfiqar Ali Sahito, Wenbin Tong, Lin Tang, Yasir Hamid, Qiong Wang, Xuerui Cao, Muhammad Bilal Khan, Bilal Hussain, Shakeel Ahmed Jatoi, Zhenli He, Xiaoe Yang

Defeat of the antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria is one great challenge today and for the future. In the last century many classes of effective antibacterials have been developed, so that upcoming resistances could be met with novel drugs of various compound classes. Meanwhile, there is a certain lack of research of the pharmaceutical companies, and thus there are missing developments of novel antibiotics. Gram-positive bacteria are the most important cause of clinical infections.

Author(s): W. Smułek, M. Sydow, J. Zabielska-Matejuk, E. Kaczorek

The triazine‐based organic polymers@SiO2 nanospheres were prepared and applied as an extraction coating onto stainless steel wires and the wires were filled into polyetheretherketone tube for in‐tube solid‐phase microextraction. Taking polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as targets, main factors affecting extraction performance of the tube were investigated through coupling to high performance liquid chromatography.

Menthol mint (Mentha arvensis L.) cultivation is significantly affected by the heavy metals like cadmium (Cd) which also imposes severe health hazards. Two menthol mint cultivars namely Kosi and Kushal were evaluated under Cd stress conditions. Impact of plant growth regulators (PGRs) like salicylic acid (SA), gibberellic acid (GA3) and triacontanol (Tria) on Cd stress tolerance was assessed.