Research Publications (Food Safety)

Author(s): Melyssa Kmecick, Mariliza Cristine Vieira da Costa, Ciro Alberto de Oliveira Ribeiro, Claudia Feijó Ortolani-Machado

Author(s): Nathan C. Twaddle, Frederick A. Beland, Daniel R. Doerge

Author(s): Qingrong Li, Hongmin Zhang, Jun Zou, Haiyan Mai, Dongfang Su, Xiang Feng, Dan Feng

Author(s): Fereshteh Satarian, Taher Nejadsattari, Farzam Vaziri, Seyed Davar Siadat

Salmonella genomic island 3 (SGI3) was first described as a chromosomal island in Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:–, a monophasic variant of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium. The SGI3 DNA sequence detected from Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:– isolated in Japan was identical to that of a previously reported one across entire length of 81 kb.

In the quest for new antibacterial lead structures, activity screening against Mycobacterium tuberculosis identified antitubercular effects of gallic acid derivatives isolated from the Nigerian mistletoe Loranthus micranthus. Structure-activity relationship studies indicated that 3-O-methyl-alkylgallates comprising aliphatic ester chains with four to eight carbon atoms showed the strongest growth inhibition in vitro against M. tuberculosis, with a MIC of 6.25 μM.

Author(s): Esin Nagihan Kasap, Üzeyir Doğan, Ferah Çoğun, Ender Yıldırım, İsmail Hakkı Boyacı, Demet Çetin, Zekiye Suludere, Uğur Tamer, Nusret Ertaş

Author(s): Fabián Lorenzo-Diaz, Inmaculada Moreno-Córdoba, Manuel Espinosa

Author(s): Mahesh Agarwal, Tanmay Mondal, Biplab Bose

The profile of volatile compounds in huangjiu was elucidated by comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. The column combination was optimized and good separation and ordered chromatograms were achieved. An extracted ion trace method was established for the orderly separated categories to improve the identification accuracy. A total of 267 compounds were identified.

Ellagic acid reversibly and effectively inhibited tyrosinase in a mixed manner. Ellagic acid inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in B16 cells. Hydrogen bond and electrostatic force existed between ellagic acid and tyrosinase. Abstract The activities of ellagic acid in inhibiting mushroom tyrosinase and cell proliferation were evaluated in this research. The results of enzyme kinetics indicated that ellagic acid could effectively inhibit tyrosinase activity.

Sour rot, caused by Geotrichum citriaurantii (G. citri-aurantii.), is one of the most serious grapevine secondary infection diseases in China. We have determined that pterostilbene, the most important phytoalexin, effectively inhibits the activity of G. citri‐aurantii. To study the synthesis mechanism of pterostilbene against G. citri‐aurantii in grape, we initially detected the content of pterostilbene present in grapes infected by G. citri‐aurantii with the use of UHPLC‐QQQ‐MS2.

The oligosaccharide Hep‐2 from cultured mycelium of Hericium erinaceus was isolated by the method of water extraction, alcohol precipitation, and column chromatography. Hep‐2 consists of galactose, and glucose with 1,080 Da molecular weight and it is an oligosaccharide mixture of 2–7 sugars by LC‐MSn and includes three types of sugar residues with no branches by methylation methods. Hep‐2 possess good antioxidant activity in vivo.

A novel and porous solid phase microextraction fiber was prepared by quick and simple galvanic displacement reaction and applied to the determination of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sunflower oil. The parameters affecting the porosity and thickness of the fiber, and parameters affecting the extraction efficiency including the extraction time, temperature and ionic strength were investigated and optimized.

The biomonitoring of hydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urine, as a direct way to access multiple exposures to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, has raised great concerns due to their increasing hazardous health effects on humans. Solid‐phase extraction is an effective and useful technique to preconcentrate trace analytes from biological samples.

Ion chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry is an established technique for determination of ionic analytes, however, sophisticated buffer removal equipment is required to eliminate inorganic compounds from the eluate before introduction into the ion source of mass spectrometer. A standard high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry setup using an ion exchange column (Metrosep® A Supp 5) is proposed as an alternative approach.

We herein presented a mesoporous cellular foam solid‐phase microextraction coating that showed highly sensitive recognition for weakly polarity polychlorinated biphenyls in water samples. The mesoporous cellular foam coater fiber was for the first time prepared by a simple sol‐gel method.

Driven by the significant need for characterization of the chemical speciation of arsenic in food, this work developed a method for rapid determination of four common arsenic species, namely, arsenite, arsenate, monomethyl arsenic acid, and dimethyl arsenic acid, in vegetables using microwave‐assisted extraction, followed by detection with high‐performance liquid chromatography hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry.

The aim of this work was to develop an efficient method for the selective extraction and analysis of fenoxycarb, a carbamate pesticide, in mussel samples using a molecularly imprinted solid‐phase extraction device. The optimization of molecularly imprinted polymer synthesis was performed using the experimental design under the response surface methodology approach.

Nano‐molybdenum trioxide was prepared from nano‐molybdenum disulfide by simple firing in muffle furnace. Nano‐molybdenum trioxide was used as the extraction coating on the stainless steel wire. Four wires were filled in a polyetheretherketone tube to get an extraction tube. The tube was connected to the six‐port valve of a high performance liquid chromatograph, and the online analysis system was constructed.

This study investigates the effect of metals (cadmium, lead, mercury, and tellurium) and organic pollutants (benzene, diesel, lindane, and xylene) on a dinoflagellate—Prorocentrum sigmoides Böhm—and its associated culturable bacteria. Two bacterial cultures (Bacillus subtilis strain PD005 and B. xiamensis strain PD006) were isolated from P. sigmoides and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing, biochemical analyses, and growth curve studies.

Heavy metals such as lead, chromium, and metalloid like arsenic dominate the pinnacle in posing a threat to life. Being environment‐friendly, elucidating the mechanism by which microorganisms detoxify such elements has always been an active field of research hitherto. In the present study, we have investigated the capability of nitrogen‐deprived Papiliotrema laurentii strain RY1 toward enhanced tolerance and neutralizing toxic elements.

Removal of heavy metals from food material by growing micro‐organisms is limited by the toxicity to cells. In this study, different preincubation treatments were investigated to analyze their effects on cadmium resistance and removal ability of Pichia kudriavzevii A16 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae CICC1211. Sucrose preincubation improved the cadmium resistance of both yeast cells and increased the cadmium‐removal rate of P. kudriavzevii A16.

The interactions between plant roots and soil are an area of active research, particularly in terms of water and nutrient uptake. Since non‐invasive, in vivo studies are required, tomographic imaging appears an obvious method to use, but no one imaging modality is well suited to capture the complete system.

Actinomycetes are a rich source for secondary metabolites with a diverse array of biological activities. Among the various genera of actinomycetes, the genus Saccharopolyspora has long been recognized as a potential source for antibiotics and other therapeutic leads that belong to diverse classes of natural products. Members of the genus Saccharopolyspora have been widely reported from several natural sources including both terrestrial and marine environments.