Research Publications (Food Safety)

Shijun Li, Jianping Wang, Xiaoyu Wei, Ying Liu, Lu You, Xia Luo, Guangpeng Tang, Qiangzheng Sun, Changyun Ye, Jianguo Xu, Dingming Wang

Background

Allon Weiner, Nora Mellouk, Noelia Lopez-Montero, Yuen-Yan Chang, Célia Souque, Christine Schmitt, Jost Enninga

Most Escherichia coli strains are nonpathogenic. However, for clinical diagnosis and food safety analysis, current identification methods for pathogenic E. coli either are time-consuming and/or provide limited information. Here, we utilized a custom DNA microarray with informative genetic features extracted from 368 sequence sets for rapid and high-throughput pathogen identification.

To determine antimicrobial drug resistance mechanisms of Shigella spp., we analyzed 344 isolates collected in Switzerland during 2004–2014. Overall, 78.5% of isolates were multidrug resistant; 10.5% were ciprofloxacin resistant; and 2% harbored mph(A), a plasmid-mediated gene that confers reduced susceptibility to azithromycin, a last-resort antimicrobial agent for shigellosis.

Upon entry into host cells, intracellular bacterial pathogens establish a variety of replicative niches. Although some remodel phagosomes, others rapidly escape into the cytosol of infected cells. Little is currently known regarding how professional intracytoplasmic pathogens, including Shigella, mediate phagosomal escape. Shigella, like many other Gram-negative bacterial pathogens, uses a...

Bacterial type III secretion system (T3SS) effector proteins are critical determinants of infection for many animal and plant pathogens. However, monitoring of the translocation and delivery of these important virulence determinants has proved to be technically challenging. Here, we used a genetically engineered LOV (light-oxygen-voltage) sensing domain derivative to monitor the expression, translocation, and localization of bacterial T3SS effectors.

Summary

Diarrheal disease is a complex syndrome that remains a leading cause of global childhood morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis of enteric pathogens in a timely and precise manner is important for making treatment decisions and informing public health policy, but accurate diagnosis is a major challenge in industrializing countries. Multiplex molecular diagnostic techniques may represent a significant improvement over classical approaches.

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) are important causes of diarrhea and edema disease in swine. The majority of swine-pathogenic E. coli strains belong to a limited range of O serogroups, including O8, O138, O139, O141, O147, O149, and O157, which are the most frequently reported strains worldwide.

Publication date: September 2016
Source:LWT - Food Science and Technology, Volume 71

Author(s): Roya Moghimi, Atousa Aliahmadi, David Julian McClements, Hasan Rafati

Publication date: September 2016
, Volume 67

Author(s): Nelly Denis, Helen Zhang, Alexandre Leroux, Roger Trudel, Henri Bietlot

Shiga toxins (Stxs) produced by Shiga toxin-producing bacteria Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 and select serotypes of Escherichia coli are primary virulence factors in the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic colitis progressing to potentially fatal systemic complications, such as hemolytic uremic syndrome and central nervous system abnormalities. Current therapeutic options to treat patients infected with toxin-producing bacteria are limited.

Abstract

Yong Xue, Jon G. Wilkes, Ted J. Moskal, Anna J. Williams, Willie M. Cooper, Rajesh Nayak, Fatemeh Rafii, Dan A. Buzatu

Pathogen identification and microbial source tracking (MST) to identify sources of fecal pollution improve evaluation of water quality. They contribute to improved assessment of human health risks and remediation of pollution sources. An MST microarray was used to simultaneously detect genes for multiple pathogens and indicators of fecal pollution in freshwater, marine water, sewage-contaminated freshwater and marine water, and treated wastewater.

Publication date: Available online 21 January 2016


Author(s): Meiling Jiang, Fen Zhang, Cuixiang Wan, Yonghua Xiong, Nagendra P. Shah, Hua Wei, Xueying Tao

Abstract

Publication date: June 2016
, Volume 64

Author(s): Yi-Gang Xu, Zhong-Mei Liu, Bai-Qi Zhang, Min Qu, Chun-Sheng Mo, Jia Luo, Su-Long Li

The periplasmic chaperone SurA is critical for the biogenesis of outer membrane proteins (OMPs) and thus the maintenance of membrane integrity in Escherichia coli. The activity of this modular chaperone has been attributed to a core chaperone module, with only minor importance assigned to the two SurA peptidyl-prolyl isomerase (PPIase) domains.

Publication date: Available online 23 December 2015


Author(s): Luana Maggiore, Lu Yu, Ulrich Omasits, Omar Rossi, Gordon Dougan, Nicholas R. Thomson, Allan Saul, Jyoti S. Choudhary, Christiane Gerke

Sara M. Pires, Christa L. Fischer-Walker, Claudio F. Lanata, Brecht Devleesschauwer, Aron J. Hall, Martyn D. Kirk, Ana S. R. Duarte, Robert E. Black, Frederick J. Angulo

Background

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Aims

Probiotics have been proved to be the most preferred and effective alternative to antibiotics as growth promoter and pathogens inhibitor in poultry industry. In this study Bacillus subtilis CGMCC 1.1086 as a probiotic bacterium was administered in diet and its effects on both the growth performance and the cecal microbiota of broilers were evaluated.