Research Publications (Food Safety)

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG; ATCC 53013) on growth performance and hepatotoxicity in calves fed a single dose of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and to investigate the absorption, distribution, and elimination of AFB1 and the hydroxylated metabolite aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in rumen fluid, blood, and excretions.

Staphylococcus species, categorized into Staphylococcus aureus and non-aureus staphylococci (NAS), are frequent causes of mastitis in dairy cattle around the world. Current treatments using antimicrobials are under increasing scrutiny due to rising prevalence of multi-drug resistance in S. aureus.

Staphylococcus aureus is not only a common cause of bovine mastitis, but also an agent of food poisoning in humans. In an attempt to determine whether staphylococci causing bovine mastitis could also cause food poisoning, 60 isolates of presumed S. aureus were isolated in the period between March and August 2017 from 3,384 routine, composite, quarter milk samples of individual cows raised on 12 dairy farms in central Italy. Seventeen out of 60 isolates were confirmed as S.

The growth of Aspergillus flavus and the production of aflatoxins (AF) during the aerobic deterioration of corn silage represent a problem for animal and human health. This experiment was conducted to evaluate whether the presence of A. flavus and AF production originate from the field or additional AF are produced during the fermentation phase or during aerobic deterioration of corn silage. The trial was carried out in northern Italy on corn at a dry matter (DM) level of 34%.

The overall aim of this study was to compare different intervention strategies for clinical intramammary infections (IMI). We conducted a simulation study to represent a Danish dairy cattle herd with IMI caused mostly by Staphylococcus aureus and 9 different intervention strategies for clinical IMI. A standard intervention of 3 d of treatment consisting of intramammary injections for all clinical cases was used.

Bovine mastitis affects animal health and welfare and milk production and quality, and it challenges the economic success of dairy farms. Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most commonly found pathogens in clinical mastitis but it also causes subclinical, persistent, and difficult-to-treat intramammary infections.

This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes of Enterococcus faecalis isolated from subclinical bovine mastitis cases in China. Enterococcus faecalis isolates were identified by 16S rRNA amplification and sequencing. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the disc diffusion method. Antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes were tested by PCR. Overall, E. faecalis was recovered from 81 of 1,787 (4.5%) mastitic milk samples.

Undesired browning of Parmesan cheese can occur during the latter period of ripening and cold storage despite the relative absence of reducing sugars and high temperatures typically associated with Maillard browning. Highly reactive α-dicarbonyls such as methylglyoxal (MG) are products and accelerants of Maillard browning chemistry and can result from the microbial metabolism of sugars and AA by lactic acid bacteria.

Bovine mastitis is a common and costly disease in the dairy industry and is known to negatively affect the amount of epithelium in nonlactating mammary glands. Despite this recognition, an understanding of the mechanisms contributing to reductions in epithelium is lacking. The objective of this study was to evaluate cellular apoptosis and proliferation in uninfected and Staphylococcus aureus-infected mammary glands that were stimulated to rapidly grow and develop.

The objective of this study was to investigate the association between teat skin colonization and intramammary infection (IMI) with Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus agalactiae at the quarter level in herds with automatic milking systems. Milk and teat skin samples from 1,142 quarters were collected from 300 cows with somatic cell count >200,000 cells/mL from 8 herds positive for Strep. agalactiae. All milk and teat skin samples were cultured on calf blood agar and selective media.

Carriers with inoculated microorganisms are often used to validate low-moisture food safety interventions. In this study, we evaluated dry inoculation methods using silicon dioxide (SiO2) and a small portion of nonfat milk powder (NFMP) as dry carriers for NFMP. Silicon dioxide was characterized by vapor sorption analysis.

Characterization of 7 Bacillus cereus strains obtained from an extended shelf-life (ESL) milk processing plant on the following points: ESL milk during shelf life, pasteurized milk, raw milk, and filler nozzles after cleaning in place, was performed using rpoB partial sequencing and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The objective of the study was to determine relatedness among B. cereus isolates from several sampling points along an ESL processing plant with the aim of source tracking.

Mitigation strategies are vital in minimizing the health and economic risks associated with dairy cattle exposure to aflatoxin (AF). The objective of this study was to determine the effects of a commercially available aluminosilicate clay in a lactation diet on production responses, blood chemistry, and liver inflammatory markers of multiparous lactating Holstein cows during an AF challenge.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) have been widely applied because of their broad spectrum of antimicrobial activities against bacteria, fungi, and viruses. However, little research has been done to evaluate their effects on Cronobacter sakazakii, an opportunistic pathogen usually infecting infants and having a high fatality rate. The aims of this work were to investigate the antibacterial property of novel, synthesized, positively charged silver nanoparticles against C.

Publication date: July 2018
, Volume 101, Issue 7

Author(s): Andrew Marete, Goutam Sahana, Sébastien Fritz, Rachel Lefebvre, Anne Barbat, Mogens Sandø Lund, Bernt Guldbrandtsen, Didier Boichard

Publication date: July 2018
, Volume 101, Issue 7

Author(s): A. Jalilzadeh, J. Hesari, S.H. Peighambardoust, I. Javidipour

Publication date: July 2018
, Volume 101, Issue 7

Author(s): Su Chen, Lin Chen, Lie Chen, Xueliang Ren, Hongjuan Ge, Baolei Li, Guanghui Ma, Xueqin Ke, Jun Zhu, Li Li, Yuhong Feng, Yanjun Li

Publication date: Available online 13 June 2018


Author(s): Alexander A. Alles, Martin Wiedmann, Nicole H. Martin

Publication date: Available online 13 June 2018


Author(s): C. Sartori, V. Perreten, I. Ivanovic, M.C. Härdi-Landerer, H.U. Graber

Publication date: Available online 16 May 2018


Author(s): Yasser S. Mahmmod, Ilka Christine Klaas, Line Svennesen, Karl Pedersen, Hanne Ingmer

Publication date: Available online 16 May 2018


Author(s): S.M. Raabis, T.L. Ollivett, M.E. Cook, J.M. Sand, S.M. McGuirk

Publication date: Available online 10 May 2018


Author(s): C. Sartori, R. Boss, M. Bodmer, A. Leuenberger, I. Ivanovic, H.U. Graber

Publication date: Available online 3 May 2018


Author(s): Shuang Wu, Yujun Jiang, Binbin Lou, Jing Feng, Yanhong Zhou, Ling Guo, Stephen J. Forsythe, Chaoxin Man

Publication date: Available online 3 May 2018


Author(s): Diego B. Nobrega, Jeroen De Buck, Herman W. Barkema

Publication date: Available online 3 May 2018


Author(s): C.M. Scholte, D.C. Nelson, M. Garcia, S.B. Linden, T.H. Elsasser, S. Kahl, Y. Qu, K.M. Moyes