Research Publications (Food Safety)

Effects of marinating and frying on the flavor of pigeon meat during the production process of braised pigeon were investigated. Volatile components of raw pigeon meat, braised pigeon meat and fried pigeon meat were analyzed by SPME‐ GC‐MS and gas chromatography‐ion mobility spectroscopy (GC‐IMS). Results showed that 47 and 39 volatile aroma components were detected by GC‐MS and GC‐IMS technologies respectively in the samples of braised pigeon.

It was investigated effects of roasting temperature and time on color, crude oil, acrylamide, total phenols, antioxidant activity, and trans fatty acid and phenolic contents in white and brown sesame seeds. Samples were roasted in a microwave oven (360, 540, 720 W; 5, 10, 15 min) and an electric oven (180 °C, 200 °C, 220 °C; 10, 20, 30 min). Phenolic and antioxidant contents changed significantly.

The effects of different concentrations of defatted by supercritical CO2 chokeberry pomace extracts isolated by consecutive pressurized ethanol and water on the growth of L. monocytogenes, B. thermosphacta, P. putida, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and aerobic mesophilic bacteria (AMB) were tested. The extracts at >3.3% concentration effectively inhibited tested bacteria in their cultures. Heating reduced antimicrobial activity of extract at higher microbial load.

This present work shows the potential of dimethyl dicarbonate (DMDC) as a promising approach to ensure quality and safety of coconut water in term of microbial inactivation and minimal changes in quality parameters during cold storage (4 °C). Pathogenic strains including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Enteritidis and Listeria monocytogenes were selected for evaluation of inactivation kinetic with DMDC concentration between 0 – 300 ppm.

Alphaproteobacteria are typically characterized by a multipartite genome organization with a chromosome, stable chromids and accessory plasmids. Extrachromosomal elements determine the lifestyle of roseobacters and their horizontal transfer was previously correlated with rapid adaptations to novel ecological niches. We characterized the distribution and biology of a novel Rhodobacteraceae‐specific plasmid type that was designated RepC_soli according to its diagnostic solitary replicase.

In October 2014, a case of mass skin lesions was reported in whitespotted char (Salvelinus leucomaenis) caught in the Nalycheva River on the Kamchatka peninsula (Russia). The proportion of affected fish was approximately 50% of the catch. Lesions of varying severity were noted from small tubercles to large single and confluent formations and ulcers. Papilloma‐like growths were found in the epidermal layer of the skin of the affected fish.

Background

Author(s): Takako Utsumi, Maria Inge Lusida, Zayyin Dinana, Rury Mega Wahyuni, Soegeng Soegijanto, Soetjipto, Alpha Fardah Athiyyah, Subijanto Marto Sudarmo, Reza Gunadi Ranuh, Andy Darma, Juniastuti, Laura Navika Yamani, Yen Hai Doan, Hiroyuki Shimizu, Koji Ishii, Chieko Matsui, Lin Deng, Takayuki Abe, Kazuhiko Katayama, Ikuo Shoji

Abstract

Main conclusion

Bioinformatic, molecular, and biochemical analysis were performed to get more insight into the regulatory mechanism by which TmHKT1;4-A2 is regulated.

A Gram-staining-negative bacterium, strain HHU 13199T, was isolated from a marine sediment sample collected from South China Sea (119°19.896’E, 19°41.569’N) at a depth of 2918 m. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain HHU 13199T represents a member of the genus Salinimonas with the highest sequence similarity (99.8%) to the type strain S. iocasae KX18D6T.

Evaluation of the hydrogeochemical processes governing the heavy metal distribution and the associated health risk is important in managing and protecting the health of freshwater resources. This study mainly focused on the health impacts due to the heavy metals pollution in a known Cretaceous-Tertiary (K/T) contact region (Tiruchinopoly, Tamilnadu) of peninsular India, using various pollution indices, statistical, and geochemical analyses.

Gluten-free biscuits were developed with the addition of chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) and turmeric powder. An experimental design 22 were employed in the formulation optimization that promotes better sensory acceptance through acceptance test with a hedonic scale of 9 points. For characterization purposes, the centesimal composition from chia seeds and the turmeric powder were determined.

Phenanthrene (PHE) as a tricyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is one of the common pollutants in water and sediments, which can cause reproductive toxicity to aquatic organisms. In this study, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the vitellogenin (VTG) of loach, and then to explore the estrogenic toxicity effect of PHE on loach.

Cadmium (Cd) threatens rice quality and human health, yet this risk remains uncertain in paddy fields with high geological background of transportation and deposition. In this study, we collected 31 pairs of soil and rice grain samples in Doumen and Xinhui Districts in Guangdong province, China and investigated which factors controlled Cd bioavailability in soil and accumulation in rice. Soil samples were mostly acidic and contained a range of organic matter.

Soil properties largely control the fate of mercury (Hg), including the synthesis of neurovirulent methylmercury (MeHg). Here, the freshwater snail (Cipangopaludina cahayensis), a snail species commonly bred in flooded farmland, was used in a test of biotoxicity exposure to explore the effects of soil components on Hg bioavailability.

The study was conducted to evaluate the metal pollution of groundwater sources in the residential areas in the surroundings of Kadinamkulam estuary, South India using the Heavy metal Pollution Index (HPI). For the study, forty one groundwater samples were collected during pre monsoon season from the dug wells of two gramapanchayaths and the concentration of heavy metals Cd, Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb and Fe were estimated and HPI was determined.

In this paper, the 36 topsoil (0–10 cm) samples were collected and the contents of Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb were analyzed. The results indicated that the contents of Cu and As in all samples exceeded the soil background values of Anhui province, while the Co and Pb contents were lower than the background values.

Human noroviruses are a major cause for gastroenteritis outbreaks. Filter-feeding bivalve molluscs, which accumulate noroviruses in their digestive tissues, are a typical vector for human infection. RT-qPCR, the established method for human norovirus detection in food, does not allow discrimination between infectious and non-infectious viruses and can overestimate potentially infectious viral loads.

Harran Plain is the largest plain within the area administered under the Southeastern Anatolia Project (known as the GAP project in Turkey), covering an area of 1500 km2. This article presents results of groundwater quality assessment based on some pollution indicators such as electrical conductivity (EC) and nitrate (NO3−) values in Harran Plain between 2005 and 2015.

Abstract

Purpose

To develop and validate a one-step, rapid and simple reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-based protocol for the simultaneous measurement of voriconazole (VCZ), posaconazole (POSA), itraconazole (ITC) in serum/plasma.

Invasive trichosporonosis is a rare and lethal fungal infection that occurs in immunocompromised patients. Breakthrough trichosporonosis can occur in patients treated with echinocandins since Trichosporon spp. are resistant to these antifungal agents. We report a case of breakthrough Trichosporon asahii fungemia.

Yersinia pestis is a Gram-negative pathogen that causes plague, a devastating disease that kills millions worldwide. Although plague is efficiently treatable by recommended antibiotics, the time of antibiotic therapy initiation is critical, as high mortality rates have been observed if treatment is delayed for longer than 24 h after symptom onset.

This manuscript describes the development of an innovative method to determine cannabinoids (cannabidiol and tetrahydrocannabinol) in human plasma samples by pipette‐tip micro‐SPE and LC‐MS/MS. An octyl‐functionalized hybrid silica monolith, which had been synthesized and characterized, was used as a selective stationary phase. The octyl‐functionalized hybrid silica monoliths presented high permeability and adequate mechanical strength.

Author(s): Shogo Yamaki, Yuji Kawai, Koji Yamazaki