Research Publications (Food Safety)

Aims This study compared the capacity of strains of Salmonella enterica serovars Enteritidis and Dublin isolated in Brazil to invade epithelial cells, to be internalized by and survive within macrophages, and to stimulate cytokine release in vitro. Methods and Results Both serovars infected 75% and 73% Caco‐2 (human) and MDBK (bovine) epithelial cells, respectively. S. Dublin and S.

Aims We aimed to elucidate whether the DNA extraction kit and bacteria therein affect the characterisation of bacterial communities associated with butterfly samples harbouring different bacterial abundancies. Methods and Results We analysed bacteria associated with eggs of Pieris brassicae and with adults of this butterfly, which were either untreated or treated with antibiotics (AB). Three DNA extraction kits were used.

Aims This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial ability and action mechanism of dithiocyano‐methane against Aeromonas hydrophila, so as to provide a reference for its application in farm disinfection.

Aims Cattle are the second most important cause of human campylobacteriosis, after poultry, but there are knowledge gaps regarding Campylobacter in cattle. This study examined the occurrence of Campylobacter, the species present, sequence types, and antibiotic resistance in Swedish cattle. Methods and Results Feces samples collected from 154 calves on seven Swedish farms, and 69 follow‐up samples from a second collection occasion, were analyzed.

Aims The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence of E. coli O157 and O26 on Belgian dairy cattle farms, the presence of virulence genes in the confirmed isolates, and the association of E. coli O26 presence with calf diarrhea. Methods and Results In total, 233 recto‐anal mucosal swabs (RAMS) were obtained from healthy and diarrheic dairy calves on three farms, each alternately visited three consecutive times. RAMS were analyzed for presence of E.

Aim In‐depth ‘One Health’ risk assessment of Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichiacoli (ExPEC) strains carrying the traits of urinary tract infection, sepsis, meningitis,and avian colibacillosis in poultry of India. Methods and Results A total of 230 E. coli isolates were recovered from chickensamples representing the different sources (feces vs. ceca), stages (poultry farms vs. retails butcher shop), or environments (rural vs. urban) of poultry in India.Among all poultry‐origin E.

Aims This study aimed to evaluate the effects of three Bacillus probiotics on Salmonella Typhimurium, and interleukin‐8 (IL‐8) gene expression in the co‐culture of the Bacillus and the pathogen in vitro. Methods and Results Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus indicus, and Bacillus coagulans were initially turned to spore and heat‐inactivated forms. The cellular damages of the probiotics on the HT‐29 cells were investigated individually and in combination with S.

ABSTRACT Aims The objective of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of Cronobacter strains isolated from foods (n=50) and clinical samples (n=6) in Brazil and genotype selected strains (n=18) using multi‐locus sequence typing (MLST). Methods and Results The cytotoxic activity of C. sakazakii (n=29), C. dublinensis (n=13), C. malonaticus (n=6), C. turicensis (n=6), and C. muytjensii (n=2) was screened using Vero, RK13, Hep2c, NCTC clone 929, and BHK‐21 cell lines.

Aim To test whether engineered nanopores on the outer membrane (OM) of Escherichia coli can increase expression of heterologous proteins by making additional nutrients available to the host. Methods and Results Outer membrane nanopores were generated by expressing recombinant Vibrio parahaemolyticus CsgG (rVpCsgG), which spontaneously assembles into a pore forming channel on the OM, allowing spontaneous diffusion of small chemical entities from the exterior.

ABSTRACT Aims The efficacy of a novel photochemical method for generating chlorine dioxide (photoClO2) was evaluated against human noroviruses (HuNoV) surrogate, bacteriophage MS2, and Clostridium difficile endospores. Methods and Results Chlorine dioxide was generated by mixing 1% sodium chlorite with 10 parts‐per‐million (ppm) Eosin Y and irradiating with a photo‐activator‐excitable light. PhotoClO2 efficacy was assessed against bacteriophage MS2 and C.

Aims We aim to investigate the prevalence, putative virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance of mesophilic Aeromonas isolated from ready‐to‐eat (RTE) seafood available on the Norwegian market, and to assess the potential risks by consuming RTE seafood to consumers.

ABSTRACT Aims To determine inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts and reduction of Escherichia coli and enterococci in cattle slurry added aqueous ammonia. Methods and Results Escherichia coli, enterococci and non‐viable C. parvum oocysts (DAPI+ PI+) were enumerated every second day for two weeks in cattle slurry amended with 60 mmol l‐1 aq. ammonia and compared with untreated slurry at three temperatures. Regardless of temperature, the proportion of non‐viable C.

ABSTRACT Aims This study investigated the diversity of Colletotrichum isolates recovered from Conyza bonariensis leaves through the use of morphological characteristics, growth rate, carbon sources utilization and phylogenetic analysis. Methods and Results Thirty Colletotrichum isolates recovered from Conyza bonariensis leaves showing symptoms of disease were included in the present study.

Aims This work aimed to identify secondary metabolites from aerial parts of Euphorbia species functional for control of toxigenic Fusarium species responsible of cereal grain rots. Methods and Results Aerial parts of Euphorbia serpens, E. schickendantzii and E. collina were sequentially extracted with hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. The extracts were tested against strains of F. verticillioides and F. graminearum by microdilution tests.The hexane extract of E.

Aims Current study was designed to analyze the prevalence of class 1 and class 2 integron integrase genes among antibiotic resistant coliform bacteria isolated from paper currency circulating in Pakistan. Methods and Results 500 individual currency notes were collected from different food vending sites at Lahore, Pakistan. Bacterial population were identified by biochemical and PCR techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion assay.

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), widely used as starter cultures for the fermentation of a large variety of food, can improve the safety, shelf life, nutritional value and overall quality of the fermented products. In this regard, the selection of strains delivering health‐promoting compounds is now the main objective of many researchers. Although most LAB are auxotrophic for several vitamins, it is known that certain strains have the capability to synthesize B‐group vitamins.

Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are a global health concern. Antibiotic resistance occurs naturally, but misuse of antibiotics in humans and animals is accelerating the process of antibiotic resistance emergency, which has been aggravated by exposure to molecules of antibiotics present in clinical and agricultural settings and the engagement of many countries in water reuseespecially in Middle East and North Africa region.

Aims To identify and evaluate the application of two novel monoclonal antibody (mAb) 2G12 against outer membrane protein (Omp) C and mAb 12B1 targeting the O chain of the lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of Escherichia coli O157:H7 (ECO157). Methods and Results The sensitivity and specificity of these two antibodies were evaluated with eight ECO157 strains and 68 untargeted strains.

Aim To study the impact of incorporating micro‐nano‐bubbles (MNBs) in commonly used food antimicrobials (AMs) against Escherichia coli O157:H7 (EC) and Listeria monocytogenes (LM). Methods and Results Air, carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen (N2) were used to incorporate MNBs in city water.

Aim To analyse the prevalence, genetic diversity and antimicrobial susceptibility of Campylobacter spp. in northern Spain. Methods and results Campylobacter was isolated from 139 samples of broiler meat and faecal dropping of broiler and swine with a prevalence of 35.4%, 62% and 42.8%, respectively.

Aims This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles and genotypes of Streptococcus suis from Jiangxi Province, China. Methods and Results A total of 314 nasal swab samples were collected from clinically healthy pigs, with a positive isolation rate of S. suis of 34.08%. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that more than 80% of the isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, penicillin, minocycline, and chloramphenicol.

ABSTRACT Aims This study aimed to determine the toxin genotypes, virulence determinants, and antibiogram of Clostridium perfringens isolated from poultry, animals, and humans. Biofilm formation and the efficacy of disinfectants on C. perfringens biofilms were studied. Methods and Results Thirty C. perfringens isolates (20 clinical and 10 from chicken carcasses) were genotyped by PCR and all isolates were genotype A (cpa+).

Aims Antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) are often associated with mobile genetic elements (MGEs), which facilitate their movement within and between bacterial populations. Detection of mobility is therefore important to understand the dynamics of MGE dissemination and their associated genes, especially in resistant clinical isolates that often have multiple ARGs associated with MGEs.

Aims In previous work, following a pressure treatment of S. aureus wild type, we obtained piezotolerant isolates showing altered phenotypic characteristics. This work focuses on understanding the genetic background of their altered phenotype. Methods and Results AK23, a representative piezotolerant isolate was subjected to DNA microarrays, corroborated by PCR product sequencing and revealed 10‐gene deletion.

Aims To investigate the effects of L. plantarum on inflammatory responses induced by ETEC K88 and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods and Results Intestinal porcine cells (IPEC‐1) were incubated with 0 or 1 × 108 CFU well‐1 L. plantarum for 4 h, and then these cells were challenged with 0 or 1 × 108 CFU well‐1 ETEC K88 for 2 h. The results showed that pre‐treatment of IPEC‐1 cells with L.