Characterize The Effects of Salmonella and Campylobacter On Gut-brain Axis and Peripheral Circulation System in Broiler Chickens

Evaluate the effects of epizootic bacteria, Salmonella, and Campylobacter on non-coding small RNAs derived from extracellular vesicles (EVS) in the peripheral circulation system by small RNA sequencing. Isolation and characterization of extracellular vesicles from peripheral blood by transmission electron microscopy, immunoblotting, and Nanosight particle tracking system. Determine differential expression of small RNAs and microRNAs in extracellular vesicles from infected birds. Determine the effects of Salmonella and Campylobacter on soluble factors produced by intestinal organoids. Develop in vitro models such as 3-D intestinal crypt-derived enteroids and enteric neuronal and glial cells from myenteric plexus to study host-pathogen interaction. Evaluate the effects of conditioned media from enteroids infected with Salmonella and Campylobacter on enteric neurons.