FORMATION OF COTTON BAST FIBER AS A MEANS TO MODULATE CARBON CAPTURE AND INCREASE BIO-PRODUCT UTILIZATION

Our major goal is to contribute to basic science by uncovering the genetic networks regulating the formation of phloem cap fibers in cotton (Gossypium spp.) and to demonstrate effective byproduct utilization and carbon capture to increase cotton crop resiliency. We propose that bolstering byproduct utilization benefits cotton production systems. Cotton bast fibers - supporting fibers that develop in the stem of some plants and are associated with phloem vascular stands - are an abundant but overlooked source of natural fibers, and these offer an environmentally burden-free alternative to synthetic fiber derived from fossil fuels. We propose that, by understanding bast fiber development and cell wall biochemistry, we may increase crop returns by enriching a value-added co-product while generating new knowledge for fundamental science. We hypothesize that there is genetic variation in bast fiber properties, which can be leveraged for diverse applications, and that cotton can be bred for favorable byproduct utilization without compromising existing crop value. We also hypothesize that bast fiber development and biochemistry can be altered to identify genetic targets for further improvements. We predict that our research can promote the utility of cotton bast fibers for diverse textile applications.We have three synergistic and independent objectives:(1) We will evaluate exotic and elite germplasm for diversity in bast fiber properties by interfacing with ongoing, public-sector efforts to generate recombinant inbred lines (RILs), nested association mapping (NAM) populations, and multiple-parent advanced-generation inter-cross (MAGIC) populations.(2) We will identify the developmental networks regulating the vascular cambium and the secondary tissues this meristem specifies, including signals that specify certain cells to differentiate into thick-walled sclerenchyma fibers.(3) We will manipulate the developmental progression of bast fiber formation, thereby altering carbon paritioning, and quantify the impacts on the chemical composition of the fibers and the metabolome of cotton stems. This approach will demonstrate how bast fiber production can be fine-tuned to address diverse textile and industrial needs.