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The objectives of this project are to field test next best chemical alternatives to methyl bromide for nematode, weed, and soilborne disease management in central and south Florida vegetable crops. <P>The second objective is to evaluate and validate, in grower field demonstration trials, the feasibility of using high barrier or gas impermeable (VIF) mulch films to reduce emissions and soil fumigant field application rates and to compare crop yield and pest control efficacy of alternatives to that of methyl bromide.<P> Lastly, objective 3 is to first educate extension agents, then growers, farm workers, and other agriculturalists about current alternatives to methyl bromide research, IPM, and to provide and formulate recommendations, timetables, and decision making tools to adopt methyl bromide alternative strategies within grower farming practices.
Non-Technical Summary: Environmental problems with the soil fumigant methyl bromide have led to the need to find alternative methods for managing soilborne nematodes, weeds, and disease problems in Florida fruit and vegetable production systems. The project examines and seeks to improve the performance and consistency of chemical and nonchemical alternatives to methyl bromide. A systems approach will be utilized to ensure the consideration of various edaphic, biological, geographical, and ecological factors affecting crop response and pesticidal efficacy of individual and combined pest management tactics. The project will also focus on comprehensive In-Service Training programs for county Cooperative Extension agents and educational programs for principal stakeholders regarding methyl bromide alternatives research and formulation of transition strategies away from methyl bromide use. Alternative chemicals to be evaluated include individual and or combined use of chloropicirin, 1, 3-dichloropropene, and metham sodium, with use of appropriate herbicide(s). Plot sizes for each alternative chemical treatment will be 1 to 5 acres, being compared to a grower standard treatment of methyl bromide chloropicrin, using low density polyethylene mulch. Treatment evaluations will also include various methyl bromide use rates, formulations, and other emission reduction strategies including high barrier, gas impermeable (VIF) plastic mulches. Evaluation of other nonchemical methods of nematode and weed management will include integrated use of host plant resistance, cover crops, and other off-season cultural practices. The project will also focus on comprehensive In-Service Training programs for county Cooperative Extension agents and educational programs for principal stakeholders regarding methyl bromide alternatives research and formulation of transition strategies away from methyl bromide use.