Optimization of ¿Horn¿ Phosphine Fumigations for Reducing QPS Methyl Bromide Treatment of Fresh Fruit to Control Key Quarantine Pests

1) Establish insecticidal efficacy of Vaporphos(R) toward False Chilean mite, Brevapalpus chilensis, in chambers containing varying amounts of other physiologically active gases and loaded with table grapes or fresh figs at cold-storage temperatures of 3ºC. Index relative to Vaporphos fumigations at atmospheric levels of oxygen (ca. 20%) as well as methyl bromide fumigations at 15.6, 10.0, and 4.5 ºC. 2) Establish insecticidal efficacy of Vaporphos' toward European grapevine moth, lobesia botrana, in chambers containing varying amounts of other physiologically active gases and loaded with table grapes or fresh figs at cold-storage temperatures of 3ºC. Index relative to Vaporphos fumigations at atmospheric levels of oxygen (ca. 20%) as well as methyl bromide fumigations at 15.6ºC. 3) Establish insecticidal efficacy of Vaporphos toward Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitus capitata in chambers containing varying amounts of other physiologically active gases and loaded with table grapes or fresh figs at cold-storage temperatures of 3ºC. Index relative to Vaporphos' fumigations at atmospheric levels of oxygen (ca. 20%) as well as methyl bromide fumigations at 15.6ºC.