A systematic review of AMR bacteria in pork, poultry, dairy products, seafood and fresh produce at UK retail level

<p>"The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in retail pork, poultry meat, dairy products, seafood and fresh produce that could pose a risk to UK consumers. For this purpose a systematic review was undertaken following the PRISMA guidelines (Liberati et al., 2009) through which current existing evidence present in scientific databases and grey literature is collected and assessed. A protocol, which describes the methodology used, has been made accessible through the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). The protocol is available at http://www.york.ac.uk/crd/. Please search PROSPERO using registration number CRD42016033082. Research questions were developed taking into consideration current evidence for relevant resistant foodborne pathogens and commensal bacteria observed in animals, food and humans in European countries published by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) (EFSA, 2015), feedback provided by experts and findings from scoping searches of the literature (i.e. PubMed): 1. Antimicrobial resistance in pork, poultry meat and fresh produce What is the prevalence of resistance (i.e. phenotype) observed in selected foodborne pathogens in the following meats of animal origin at retail level: Salmonella spp. in pork Campylobacter spp. in poultry meat For i) to ii) for the selected critically important antimicrobial groups (i.e. beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, macrolides and carbapenems) and multidrug-resistance? What is the prevalence of resistance (i.e., phenotype) observed in selected commensal bacteria for the following food items at retail level: Enterococcus spp. (Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium) in poultry and pork meat, fruit and vegetables? Escherichia coli in poultry and pork meat, fruit and vegetables? For i) to ii) for the selected critically important antimicrobial groups (i.e. beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, macrolides and carbapenems) and multi-drug resistance 2. Antimicrobial resistance in milk, fish and shellfish Resistance to beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, macrolides, carbapenems and multidrug-resistance in commensal bacteria (i.e. Enterococcus spp. and Escherichia coli) in milk, fish and shellfish at retail level."</p>