Research Publications (Food Safety)

We observed multidrug resistance in 10 (91%) of 11 Shigella isolates from a diarrheal surveillance study in Cambodia. One isolate was resistant to fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins and showed decreased susceptibility to azithromycin. We found mutations in gyrA, parC, β-lactamase, and mphA genes. Multidrug resistance increases concern about shigellosis treatment options.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisins (FB) are the most frequently encountered mycotoxins produced by Fusarium species in livestock diets. The effect of subclinical doses of mycotoxins in chickens is largely unknown, and in particular the susceptibility of birds to pathogenic challenge when fed these fungal metabolites. Therefore, the present study reports the effects of DON and FB on chickens challenged with Eimeria spp, responsible for coccidiosis.

Publication date: February 2017
, Volume 72, Part A

Author(s): Hsiao-Wen Huang, Sz-Jie Wu, Jen-Kai Lu, Yuan-Tay Shyu, Chung-Yi Wang

Online Ahead of Print.

Memory γδ T cells are important for the clearance of Listeria monocytogenes infection in the intestinal mucosa. However, the mechanisms by which memory γδ T cells provide protection against secondary oral infection are poorly understood. Here we used a recombinant strain of L. monocytogenes that efficiently invades the intestinal epithelium...

Publication date: 7 November 2016
, Volume 236

Author(s): Raimondo Gaglio, Natacha Couto, Cátia Marques, Maria de Fatima Silva Lopes, Giancarlo Moschetti, Constança Pomba, Luca Settanni

Publication date: 7 November 2016
, Volume 236

Author(s): Abigail B. Snyder, Jennifer J. Perry, Ahmed E. Yousef

Abstract

Publication date: December 2016
Source:LWT - Food Science and Technology, Volume 74

Author(s): Fan Li, Guoyang Xie, Baoqing Zhou, Pei Yu, Shuang Yu, Zoraida P. Aguilar, Hua Wei, Hengyi Xu

Publication date: December 2016
Source:LWT - Food Science and Technology, Volume 74

Author(s): Nilgün Öncül, Şeniz Karabıyıklı

Susana Merino, Juan M. Tomás

Publication date: Available online 25 July 2016


Author(s): Kevin Queenan, Barbara Häsler, Jonathan Rushton

Shigellae are sensitive indicator species for studying trends in the international transmission of antimicrobial-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Orthodox Jewish communities (OJCs) are a known risk group for shigellosis; Shigella sonnei is cyclically epidemic in OJCs in Israel, and sporadic outbreaks occur in OJCs elsewhere. We generated whole-genome sequences for 437 isolates of S.

To the Editor: The etiologic agent of the sixth pandemic of cholera was classical biotype of Vibrio cholerae O1. The ongoing seventh pandemic is caused by El Tor biotype. The biotypes are differentiated by phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. However, this differentiation blurred when V. cholerae O1 strains were detected in Matlab, Bangladesh, in 2006, in which characteristics were mixed.

Publication date: Available online 25 July 2016
Food Science and Human Wellness

Author(s): Kristen A. Lozinak, Niketa Jani, Jayanthi Gangiredla, Isha Patel, Christopher A. Elkins, Zonglin Hu, Prince Kassim, Robert A. Myers, Pongpan Laksanalamai

Alexandra Irrgang, Nicole Roschanski, Bernd-Alois Tenhagen, Mirjam Grobbel, Tanja Skladnikiewicz-Ziemer, Katharina Thomas, Uwe Roesler, Annemarie Käsbohrer

Yasushi Suzuki, Takato Odagiri, Masato Tashiro, Eri Nobusawa

Listeria monocytogenes is a significant foodborne human pathogen that can cause severe disease in certain high-risk individuals. L. monocytogenes is known to produce high molecular weight, phage tail-like bacteriocins, "monocins", upon induction of the SOS system. In this work we purified and characterized monocins and found them to be a new class of F-type bacteriocins. The L.

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) causes acute or persistent diarrhea. The aggR gene is widely used as a marker for typical EAEC. The heterogeneity of EAEC is well known; however, there are few reports on the phylogenetic relationships of EAEC. Recently, CTX-M extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing EAEC strains have been reported worldwide. To characterize EAEC strains in Japan, we investigated the population structure of EAEC.

Outbreaks of swine dysentery, caused by Brachyspira hyodysenteriae and the recently discovered "Brachyspira hampsonii," have reoccurred in North American swine herds since the late 2000s. Additionally, multiple Brachyspira species have been increasingly isolated by North American diagnostic laboratories. In Europe, the reliance on antimicrobial therapy for control of swine dysentery has been followed by reports of antimicrobial resistance over time.

Human infections with Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Senftenberg are often associated with exposure to poultry flocks, farm environments, or contaminated food. The recent emergence of multidrug-resistant isolates has raised public health concerns. In this study, comparative genomics and phenotypic analysis were used to characterize 14 Salmonella Senftenberg clinical isolates recovered from multiple outbreaks in Shenzhen and Shanghai, China, between 2002 and 2011.

Classification by serotyping is the essential first step in the characterization of Salmonella isolates and is important for surveillance, source tracking, and outbreak detection. To improve detection and reduce the burden of salmonellosis, several rapid and high-throughput molecular Salmonella serotyping methods have been developed.

The FDA has created a United States-based open-source whole-genome sequencing network of state, federal, international, and commercial partners. The GenomeTrakr network represents a first-of-its-kind distributed genomic food shield for characterizing and tracing foodborne outbreak pathogens back to their sources.

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