Research Publications (Food Safety)

Publication date: January 2016
, Volume 99, Issue 1

Author(s): S. Maye, C. Stanton, G.F. Fitzgerald, P.M. Kelly

Publication date: January 2016
, Volume 99, Issue 1

Author(s): Ian J. Lean, Matthew C. Lucy, John P. McNamara, Barry J. Bradford, Elliot Block, Jennifer M. Thomson, John M. Morton, Pietro Celi, Ahmad R. Rabiee, José E.P. Santos, William W. Thatcher, Stephen J. LeBlanc

Publication date: May 2016
Source:LWT - Food Science and Technology, Volume 68

Author(s): Stela Maris Meister Meira, Gislene Zehetmeyer, Jóice Maria Scheibel, Júlia Orlandini Werner, Adriano Brandelli

Publication date: May 2016
Source:LWT - Food Science and Technology, Volume 68

Author(s): M. Sedaghati, H. Ezzatpanah, M. Mashhadi Akbar Boojar, M. Tajabadi Ebrahimi, F. Kobarfard

Recent studies have examined lipophilic marine toxins (LMTs) in shellfish and toxic algae worldwide, but the occurrence and seasonal variations of LMTs in commercial clams (including Mactra veneriformis, Ruditapes philippinarum, Meretrix meretrix, and Cyclina sinensis) at their major culturing area in Jiangsu, China, remain largely unexplored.

Publication date: Available online 23 December 2015


Author(s): Jianmei Yang, Xiaoguang Dai, Hongjun Chen, Qiaoyang Teng, Xuesong Li, Guangyu Rong, Liping Yan, Qinfang Liu, Zejun Li

Publication date: May 2016
, Volume 115

Author(s): Linyan Song, Zhigang Wang, Zhimin Wang, Geng Meng, Rui Zhai, Meng Cai, Fengwang Ma, Lingfei Xu

Abstract

Amy L. Boore, R. Michael Hoekstra, Martha Iwamoto, Patricia I. Fields, Richard D. Bishop, David L. Swerdlow

Background

Despite control efforts, salmonellosis continues to cause an estimated 1.2 million infections in the United States (US) annually. We describe the incidence of salmonellosis in the US and introduce a novel approach to examine the epidemiologic similarities and differences of individual serotypes.

Methods

Abstract

Background

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is often detected in peanut oil, which comes from the contaminated peanuts. AFB1 in peanut oil seriously threaten the health of consumers. However, there are few methods to effectively remove AFB1 in peanut oil. This study aims to use an alkali-refining method to degrade AFB1 in peanut oil efficiently without increasing the equipment of oil and fat refining.

Pain management would be greatly enhanced by a formulation that would provide local anesthesia at the time desired by patients and with the desired intensity and duration. To this end, we have developed near-infrared (NIR) light-triggered liposomes to provide on-demand adjustable local anesthesia. The liposomes contained tetrodotoxin (TTX), which has...

Chao Ran, Lu Huang, Zhi Liu, Li Xu, Yalin Yang, Philippe Tacon, Eric Auclair, Zhigang Zhou

Alessandra Cardinali, Diego Pizzeghello, Giuseppe Zanin

Introduction

In intensive agriculture areas the use of pesticides can alter soil properties and microbial community structure with the risk of reducing soil quality.

Materials and Methods

Clostridium sporogenes PA 3679 is a nonpathogenic, nontoxic model organism for proteolytic Clostridium botulinum used in the validation of conventional thermal food processes due to its ability to produce highly heat-resistant endospores. Because of its public safety importance, the uncertain taxonomic classification and genetic diversity of PA 3679 are concerns. Therefore, isolates of C.

Foodborne outbreaks of human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are frequently associated with leafy greens. Because there is no effective method to eliminate HuNoV from postharvest leafy greens, understanding virus survival under preharvest conditions is crucial.

Although Salmonella has been isolated from 7.4 to 8.6% of domestic raw oysters, representing a significant risk for food-borne illness, little is known about the factors that influence their initial colonization by Salmonella. This study tested the hypothesis that specific regulatory changes enable a portion of the invading Salmonella population to colonize oysters. An in vivo promoter probe library screen identified 19 unique regions as regulated during colonization.

The aim of this study was to investigate the basis of the putative persistence of Listeria monocytogenes in a new industrial facility dedicated to the processing of ready-to-eat (RTE) Iberian pork products. Quaternary ammonium compounds, which included benzalkonium chloride (BAC), were repeatedly used as surface disinfectants in the processing plant. Clean and disinfected surfaces were sampled to evaluate if resistance to disinfectants was associated with persistence.

Adhesion to the intestinal epithelium could constitute an essential mechanism of Bacillus cereus pathogenesis. However, the enterocytes are protected by mucus, a secretion composed mainly of mucin glycoproteins. These may serve as nutrients and sites of adhesion for intestinal bacteria. In this study, the food poisoning bacterium B.

The Bacillus cereus spore surface layers consist of a coat surrounded by an exosporium. We investigated the interplay between the sporulation temperature and the CotE morphogenetic protein in the assembly of the surface layers of B. cereus ATCC 14579 spores and on the resulting spore properties. The cotE deletion affects the coat and exosporium composition of the spores formed both at the suboptimal temperature of 20°C and at the optimal growth temperature of 37°C.

Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive bacterium and a facultative intracellular pathogen that invades mammalian cells, disrupts its internalization vacuole, and proliferates in the host cell cytoplasm. Here, we describe a novel image-based microscopy assay that allows discrimination between cellular entry and vacuolar escape, enabling high-content screening to identify factors specifically involved in these two steps. We first generated L.

Cronobacter sakazakii is an important pathogen that causes high mortality in infants. Due to its occasional antibiotic resistance, a bacteriophage approach might be an alternative effective method for the control of this pathogen. To develop a novel biocontrol agent using bacteriophages, the C. sakazakii-infecting phage CR5 was newly isolated and characterized. Interestingly, this phage exhibited efficient and relatively durable host lysis activity.

Acute gastroenteritis caused by human norovirus is a significant public health issue. Fresh produce and seafood are examples of high-risk foods associated with norovirus outbreaks. Food contact surfaces also have the potential to harbor noroviruses if exposed to fecal contamination, aerosolized vomitus, or infected food handlers. Currently, there is no effective measure to decontaminate norovirus on food contact surfaces.

Microbial pathogen infiltration in fresh leafy greens is a significant food safety risk factor. In various postharvest operations, vacuum cooling is a critical process for maintaining the quality of fresh produce. The overall goal of this study was to evaluate the risk of vacuum cooling-induced infiltration of Escherichia coli O157:H7 into lettuce using multiphoton microscopy. Multiphoton imaging was chosen as the method to locate E.

Pneumonia is one of the most prevalent Staphylococcus aureus-mediated diseases, and the treatment of this infection is becoming challenging due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant S. aureus, especially methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains. It has been reported that LysGH15, the lysin derived from phage GH15, displays high efficiency and a broad lytic spectrum against MRSA and that apigenin can markedly diminish the alpha-hemolysin of S. aureus.

The genotypic characterization of Coxiella burnetii provides useful information about the strains circulating at the farm, region, or country level and may be used to identify the source of infection for animals and humans. The aim of the present study was to investigate the strains of C. burnetii circulating in caprine and bovine Belgian farms using a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) technique.