Research Publications (Food Safety)

Abstract The mucus layers of fish serve as the main interface between the organism and the environment. They play an important biological and ecological role. The current study focuses on Nile tilapia epidermal mucus reared under different commercial feeds (coded A and B) and environments (biofloc technology and earthen pond systems). Crude protein levels in feed A and B were 30% and 28%, respectively.

Abstract Lufenuron is a benzoylurea insecticide currently in use to combat sea lice infestation in salmon aquaculture in Chile. With pending approval in Norway, the aim of this work was to study the uptake and toxicity of lufenuron in liver tissue of Atlantic salmon. Juvenile salmon weighing 40 g were given a standard 7‐day oral dose, and bioaccumulation and transcriptional responses in the liver were examined 1 day after the end‐of‐treatment (day 8) and after 1 week of elimination (day 14).

Anti-interleukin (IL)-10 may preserve broiler performance during coccidiosis by diminishing Eimeria spp. host-evasion but has not been evaluated during secondary Clostridium perfringens challenge (necrotic enteritis). Early Salmonella Typhimurium inoculation is implemented in some models to improve repeatability—a potential confounder due to Salmonella using similar IL-10 host evasion pathways.

Anti-biofilm and anti-virulence effects of blueberry extract (BE) at sub-inhibitory of concentrations (SICs) against Vibrio parahaemolyticus were investigated in this study. When three V. parahaemolyticus strains were exposed to BE at 6.25 mg/mL and 9.38 mg/mL, swarming and twitching motility were suppressed by 40.4%–57.1% and 20.8%–39.1%, respectively. Hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation were decreased by 63.2%–94.5% and 43.8%–88.4%, respectively.

Wild birds pose a difficult food safety risk to manage because they can avoid traditional wildlife mitigation strategies, such as fences. Birds often use agricultural fields and structures as foraging and nesting areas, which can lead to defecation on crops and subsequent transfer of foodborne pathogens.

Liver abscesses (LA) are a polymicrobial infection and the causative agents include two subspecies of Fusobacterium necrophorum, necrophorum and funduliforme, and Trueperella pyogenes. Nucleic acid-based analysis of the purulent material of LA has indicated that Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla, next to phylum Fusobacteria. The sporadic isolations of bacterial species of the Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes in LA have been reported.

Staphylococcus chromogenes (SC), a frequent non-aureus staphylococcus on Canadian herds causes both clinical and subclinical forms of mastitis and contributes to large economic losses on Canadian farms. However, little research attention has been directed to uncovering the molecular mechanisms underlying SC mastitis pathogenesis, including the roles of small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs).

The swine gut microbiota is populated by large and diverse bacterial community that play an essential role in pig intestinal development. Therefore, it is important to characterize the composition of swine gut microbiota and determine which factor shape the composition of the gut microbiota. Our objective was to characterize the swine gut microbiota at the different growth stages using 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing data from gastrointestinal (GI) samples.

Gastrointestinal pathogens cause productive, health, welfare, and financial losses to the beef cattle herd. Among these pathogens, Clostridium perfringens type A is of interest given its prevalence, negative effects on intestinal health, and subsequent losses caused in beef animals. Based on this rationale, we hypothesized that a novel direct-fed microbial (DFM) formulation would support the gut barrier integrity upon a challenge with C. perfringens type A.

Sanitary challenges (SC) can affect growth and revenue of pig production. The reduction in growth performance result from a decrease in daily feed intake (DFI). Besides, feeding behavior patterns may be also affected for pigs under SC. The extent of this impact might depend on the initial body weight (BW) of pigs. Additionally, supplementing tryptophan (Trp), threonine (Thr), and methionine (Met) above NRC requirements may attenuate inflammation and modulates DFI under SC.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between rumen microbiota and physiological characteristics in Japanese Black cattle during the fattening period, which are known for their distinctive physiological characteristics due to prominent intramuscular fat deposition. The experimental period was categorized into three stages: early (12 to 14 months of age; T1), middle (15 to 22 months; T2), and late fattening phases (23 to 30 months; T3).

Maternal diet quality and quantity have significant impacts on both maternal and fetal health and development. The composition and function of the maternal gut microbiome is also significantly influenced by diet. However, little is known about the impact of gestational nutrient restriction on the maternal microbiome during early gestation, which is a critical stage for many developmental processes.

Abiotic factors and rhizosphere microbial populations influence arsenic accumulation in rice grains. Although mineral and organic surfaces are keystones in element cycling, localization of specific microbial reactions in the root/soil/pore water system is still unclear.

O26 is the commonest non-O157 Shiga toxin (stx)-producing Escherichia coli serogroup reported in human infections worldwide. Ruminants, particularly cattle, are the primary reservoir source for human infection. In this study, we compared the whole genomes and virulence profiles of O26:H11 strains (n = 99) isolated from Scottish cattle with strains from human infections (n = 96) held by the Scottish Escherichia coli O157/STEC Reference Laboratory, isolated between 2002 and 2020.

The high Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes risk in poultry products reinforces the urgent need for new technologies with high antimicrobial effects. In that sense, a combined technology consisting of encapsulated extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) during chicken nugget breading combined with infrared processing was hereby studied at three levels (experiments). The high in vitro EVOO antimicrobial activity (up to 74%), which was 1.2-fold higher against L.

Feeding animals with lactobacilli strains is a biotechnological strategy to improve production, food quality, and animal health. Thus, this study aimed to select new lactic acid bacteria (LAB) able to improve laying hens health and egg production.

Staphylococci colonize the skin and mucous membranes of different animals. The purpose of this study was to determine the staphylococcal composition of the skin microbiota of healthy, non-vet visiting, and antimicrobially non-treated sheep and goats. In total, 83 strains (44 from goats and 39 from sheep) were isolated and identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).

Occurrence of antibiotics in animal sourced foods not only affects economy but also poses potential health risks. The present study aimed to validate simultaneous detection of amoxicillin, penicillin – G and enrofloxacin in raw migratory goat milk (N=223) by HPLC-DAD and assess human health risks in Western Himalayan region, India.

Objective Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used for the treatment of chronic liver diseases for a long time, with proven safety and efficacy in clinical settings. Previous studies suggest that the therapeutic mechanism of TCM for hepatitis B cirrhosis may involve the gut microbiota. Nevertheless, the causal relationship between the gut microbiota, which is closely linked to TCM, and cirrhosis remains unknown.

Abstract The contamination of water used in post‐harvest handling and processing operations of fresh and frozen fruit, vegetables and herbs (ffFVHs) is a global concern. The most relevant microbial hazards associated with this water are: Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp., human pathogenic Escherichia coli and enteric viruses, which have been linked to multiple outbreaks associated with ffFVHs in the European Union (EU). Contamination (i.e.

Salmonella is a major foodborne pathogen and the cause of significant morbidity and mortality via consumption of contaminated meat and meat-products. The prevalence of Salmonella in ducks and wild geese in China are poorly characterized and these sources represent a potential pool that could be transferred to farm-reared fowl.

Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum are two major apicomplexan protozoan parasites with heteroxenous life cycles and worldwide distributions. The transplacental transmission of N. caninum causes bovine abortion, which resulting in serious economic losses to the dairy industry. Although T.

Eggs represent a significant vehicle for Salmonella Enteritidis with the pathogen being transferred to chicks in the hatchery, or to consumers via table eggs. In the following, the efficacy of a gas phase hydroxyl-radical process for decontaminating hatchery and table eggs was evaluated. Recovery of Salmonella was maximized through holding eggs in tryptic soy broth containing 20% w/v glycerol for 1 h prior to plating.

Eggshell cuticles are first lines of defense against egg-associated pathogens, such as Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE). Infections from eggs contaminated with this strain remain a significant risk. In addition, changes in the cuticle are closely related to changes in egg safety.

CRISPR (Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) has been a cutting-edge biotechnology in both gene editing and biosensing due to its desirable features, such as high base resolution and set-and-forget operation. However, as a nucleic acid detection method, an DNA/RNA amplification procedure is still inevitable in CRISPR biosensors.