Research Publications (Food Safety)

The occurrence of Helicobacter spp. and fecal bacterial contamination was investigated in high-altitude environments from the Northeastern Andes of Venezuela. Helicobacter DNA was detected by PCR in streams, drinking and irrigation waters, and one culture from drinking water by the HP enrichment medium for selection of Helicobacter pylori, which displayed 98.98% homology to this pathogen based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

The study investigated concentrations, distribution, and bioaccumulation of heavy metals in agriculture soil and crops irrigated by the Kali River of Uttar Pradesh, India. Soils and crop samples were collected from 17 locations along the river and analyzed for heavy metal concentrations. Metals in soil and plant were recorded as Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Ni > Pb > Cr > Cd and Mn > Fe > Zn > Cu > Cr > Ni > Pb > Cd, respectively.

Chemical pollution poses adverse effects on aquatic organisms, including altered gene expression. This study, therefore, investigated the hepatic expression of biomarkers of exposure and effect in Oreochromis niloticus inhabiting the drainage canal of a sugarbeet factory (an industrially polluted habitat) and the Nile River (a reference habitat).

Highly sensitive and rapid detection of chloramphenicol antibiotics (CAPs) in aquatic products via lateral flow immunoassay (LFA) strips remains challenging. This study developed a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)–based LFA strip for ultrasensitive analysis of CAPs by using noble metal nanoparticles (NPs). A kind of core–shell Au@Ag NPs were employed to prepare SERS tags considering the stability and repeatability.

Spores of many species of the orders Bacillales and Clostridiales can be vectors for food spoilage, human diseases and intoxications, and biological warfare. Many agents are used for spore killing, including moist heat in an autoclave, dry heat at elevated temperatures, UV radiation at 254 and more recently 222 and 400 nm, ionizing radiation of various types, high hydrostatic pressures and a host of chemical decontaminants.

In this study, leaf and soil samples were used as bio-monitors for different alkali and heavy metals at six different locations in Kyiv city. Using x–y plots of the inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) data measured the discrepancy level in elemental composition between the different investigated areas; the correlation between the concentrations in tree leaves and the samples from the surrounding soils were investigated.

This review presents important information about general aspects of the mining process as a source of environmental pollution, economic and health impact, microorganisms involved in the microenvironments resulting from ore exploitation, and resistance mechanisms to As and Zn, as a global vision of topics of interest to researchers or students involved in this field.

The mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON), produced in wheat, barley and maize by Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium culmorum, is threatening the health of humans and animals. With its worldwide high incidence in food and feed, mitigation strategies are needed to detoxify DON, maintaining the nutritional value and palatability of decontaminated commodities. A promising technique is biological degradation, where microorganisms are used to biotransform mycotoxins into less toxic metabolites.

Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, EarlyView. Abstract

Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, EarlyView. Abstract

Postharvest strawberry is susceptible to gray mold disease caused by Botrytis cinerea, which seriously damage the storage capacity of fruits. Biological control has been implicated as an effective and safe method to suppress plant disease. The aim of this study is to evaluate the postharvest disease control ability of Bacillus cereus AR156 and explore the response of strawberry fruit to this biocontrol microorganism.

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the main pathogens causing mastitis in dairy animals worldwide. It is an important opportunistic pathogen of raw milk, and the enterotoxin causes significant food poisoning. Monitoring the antibiotic resistance of S. aureus in raw milk is helpful for a risk assessment of S. aureus. In this study, 62 strains (43.1%) of S. aureus were isolated from 144 retail raw milk samples of different varieties from four regions in northern Xinjiang, China.

L. Huber et al. Abstract

Author(s): Robert Kosicki, Joanna Buharowska-Donten, Magdalena Twarużek

Author(s): L.A. Wythe, D.K. Dittoe, K.M. Feye, E.G. Olsen, L.M. Perry, S.C. Ricke

Author(s): Shijinaraj Manjankattil, Divek V.T. Nair, Claire Peichel, Sally Noll, Timothy J. Johnson, Ryan B. Cox, Annie M. Donoghue, Anup Kollanoor Johny

Author(s): Courtney A. Fancher, Hudson T. Thames, Mary Gates Colvin, Li Zhang, Nikhil Nuthalapati, Aaron Kiess, Thu T.N. Dinh, Anuraj Theradiyil Sukumaran

Author(s): Hamid Reza Rafieian-Naeini, Mahdi Zhandi, Mostafa Sadeghi, Ali Reza Yousefi, Andrew Parks Benson

Enrofloxacin (ENR) granules were developed to prevent and control the infections caused by foodborne zoonotic intestinal pathogens in our previous studies. To promote the further development of ENR granules and standardize their usage in pigs, a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of the ENR granule in pigs was built to determine the withdrawal time (WT) and evaluate the toxicity to pigs.

ABSTRACT

Author(s): Norton Komora, Cláudia Maciel, Renata A. Amaral, Rui Fernandes, Sónia Marília Castro, Jorge A. Saraiva, Paula Teixeira

Author(s): Le Song, Wenbo Zeng, An Li, Canping Pan, Ligang Pan

Penicillium expansum is an important postharvest pathogen of pomaceous fruit and a causal agent of blue mold or soft rot. In this study, we investigated the effect of ambient pH on growth, ultrastructure alteration, and pathogenicity of P. expansum, as well as accumulation of patulin and expression of genes involved in patulin biosynthesis.

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, Accepted Article. Abstract

Abstract
Background
There has been an increasing resistance rate to tetracyclines, the first line treatment for cholera disease caused by V. cholera strains, worldwide. The aim of the present study was to determine the global status of resistance to this class of antibiotic among V. cholera isolates.