Research Publications (Food Safety)

Itaconate is a promising new candidate for anti-inflammatory and metabolic reprogramming, and 4-octyl itaconate (OI) is a cell-permeable itaconate derivative. To investigate the effect of OI in inflammatory response and glycolipid metabolism, we fed gibel carp with a 40% dietary soybean meal diet containing 0.1% OI (SBM + 0.1OI) or not (SBM) and compared these with fishmeal (FM) as reference.

Escherichia coli ST131 is a globally dispersed extraintestinal pathogenic E.

Prophages affect bacterial fitness on multiple levels. These include bacterial infectivity, toxin secretion, virulence regulation, surface modification, immune stimulation and evasion and microbiome competition. Lysogenic conversion arms bacteria with novel accessory functions thereby increasing bacterial fitness, host adaptation and persistence, and antibiotic resistance.

Non-typhoidal   Salmonella   (NTS) is the second most common cause of foodborne bacterial gastroenteritis in Australia with antimicrobial resistance (AMR) increasing in recent years. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) provides opportunities for in silico detection of AMR determinants.

Non-aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus strains are used as a biocontrol system on maize fields to decrease the aflatoxin biosynthesis of aflatoxigenic A. flavus strains. A. flavus strain AF36 was the first commercially available biocontrol strain and is authorized for use on maize fields by the US Environmental Protection Agency, e.g., in Texas and Arizona.

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of storage time on fermentation characteristics, bacterial community structure and predicted metabolic pathways of napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) silage. First-cutting napiergrass was harvested at the vegetative stage and ensiled in laboratory-scale silos (1 L capacity). Triplicate silos were sampled after 1, 3, 7, 15, 30 and 60 days of ensiling, respectively.

Despite the large number of scientific studies on the effects of antibiotics on soil microorganisms, little is known about the role played by soil organic matter (humus) in the interaction of antibiotics with microorganisms and plants, including the impacts on respiration and growth rate and the implications for nitrogen metabolism, which is an important factor in soil fertility The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of two widely used antibiotics, tetracycline and streptomycin, on

This study aims to investigate the effects of exposure to different dosages of zearalenone (ZEA) on cecal physical barrier functions and its mechanisms based on the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway in weaned piglets. Thirty-two weaned piglets were allotted to four groups and fed a basal diet supplemented with ZEA at 0, 0.15, 1.5, and 3.0 mg/kg, respectively.

Extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL) and AmpC β-lactamase are two enzymes commonly found in Enterobacteriaceae that confer resistance to major antibiotics, such as third-generation cephalosporins that are widely prescribed for both human and animals.

Patterns of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) regarding Pasteurella multocida (n = 345), Mannheimia haemolytica (n = 273), Truperella pyogenes (n = 119), and Bibersteinia trehalosi (n = 17) isolated from calves, cattle and dairy cows with putative bovine respiratory disease syndrome were determined. The aim of this study was to investigate temporal trends in AMR and the influence of epidemiological parameters for the geographic origin in Bavaria, Germany, between July 2015 and June 2020.

Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, EarlyView. The development of biodegradable food packaging with superior properties and functionalities compared to conventional food packaging is one of the emerging research interests. Immediate disposal of conventional single use nonbiodegradable food packaging results in adverse environmental impact.

Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, EarlyView. Machine learning (ML) has proven to be a useful technology for data analysis and modeling in a wide variety of domains, including food science and engineering. The use of ML models for the monitoring and prediction of food safety is growing in recent years. Currently, several studies have reviewed ML applications on foodborne disease and deep learning applications on food.

Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, EarlyView. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are distinguished by their ability to produce lactic acid, among other interesting metabolites with antimicrobial activity. A cell-free supernatant (CFS) is a liquid containing the metabolites resulting from microbial growth and the residual nutrients of the medium used. CFS from LAB can have antimicrobial activity due to organic acids, fatty acids, and proteinaceous compounds, among other compounds.

Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, EarlyView. The global food processing industries represent a challenge and a risk to the environment due to the poor handling of residues, which are often discarded as waste without being used in further sidestreams. Although some part of this biomass is utilized, large quantities are, however, still under- or unutilized despite these byproducts being a rich resource of valuable compounds.

Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is highly prevalent and poses a significant threat to public health. In critically ill patients, gut colonization is considered to be the reservoir of recurrent CRKP infection. Therefore, eliminating CRKP carriage in the intestine is critical for preventing subsequent CRKP infection.

Aspergillus flavus is one of the important human and plant pathogens causing not only invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients but also crop contamination resulting from carcinogenic aflatoxins (AFs). Investigation of the targeting factors that are involved in pathogenicity is of unmet need to dismiss the hazard.

Streptococcus agalactiae [also known as group B Streptococcus (GBS)] is a tremendous threat to young infants. Eighty pediatric GBS infection cases were enrolled from a teaching hospital in Shanghai between 2009 and 2020; among them, 72.5% (58/80) were diagnosed with bloodstream infection (BSI).

Precise subcellular localization of proteins is the key to elucidating the physiological role of these molecules in malaria parasite development, understanding of pathogenesis, and protective immunity. In Plasmodium falciparum, however, detection of proteins in the blood-stage parasites is greatly hampered by the lack of versatile protein tags which can intrinsically label such molecules.

This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae in sputum of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) using culture and multiplex polymerase chain reacti...

Background Brucella species are Gram-negative intracellular bacteria that causes severe inflammatory diseases in animals and humans. Two major lipoproteins (L19 and L16) of Brucella outer membrane proteins were studied to explore the association with inflammatory response of human monocytes (THP-1).

Background Bacterial diseases are the leading cause of mortality globally, and due to haphazard use of antibiotics, antimicrobial resistance has become an emerging threat. Methods This cross-sectional observational study utilized a minimally invasive tissue sampling procedure to determine the cause of death among an adult population.

by Barbara K. Linnehan, Forrest M. Gomez, Sharon M. Huston, Adonia Hsu, Ryan Takeshita, Kathleen M. Colegrove, Craig A. Harms, Ashley Barratclough, Alissa C. Deming, Teri K. Rowles, Whitney B. Musser, Eric S. Zolman, Randall S. Wells, Eric D. Jensen, Lori H. Schwacke, Cynthia R. Smith

by Elmira Nazarshodeh, Sayed-Amir Marashi, Sajjad Gharaghani