Research Publications (Food Safety)

A case of generalized exudative epidermitis (EE) is described, which occurred in a very small piglet producing farm in Austria. The antimicrobial treatment prescribed by the herd veterinarian did not improve the clinical problem. Therefore, the University Clinic for Swine intervened in the case.

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, Accepted Article. Transboundary movement of animal feed and feed ingredients has been identified as a route for pathogen incursions. While imports of animals and animal-derived products are highly regulated for the purpose of infectious disease prevention, there has been less consideration of the viability of infectious agents in inanimate products, such as feed.

Zoonoses and Public Health, EarlyView. Real-time PCR analysis of environmental samples (dust and aerosols) is an easy tool to investigate the presence of Coxiella burnetii in the farm environment. The aim of this study was to assess the distribution of C. burnetii DNA in dust collected inside animal premises from 272 small ruminant farms in Bizkaia (northern Spain), a region with recent reports of human Q fever cases and outbreaks.

International Journal of Food Science & Technology, Volume 56, Issue 7, Page 3123-3124, July 2021. Cereals are a worldwide source of dietary nutrients in a wide range of staple foods where they provide a major source of starch, protein and vitamins for the world population, in which rice, maize and wheat, rye, barley, millet and sorghum comprise two-thirds of food consumption.

Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg (Sanyeqing, SYQ) is a perennial climbing liana and an endemic plant to southern China. Its tuberous roots (TRs) are used in traditional Chinese medicine for treating some diseases such as high fever, pneumonia, asthma, hepatitis, and cancers. However, the mechanisms underlying the development of TR and the content of flavonoids and phenylpropanoids (FPs) are not well-understood.

The increase of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria has renewed interest in old antibiotics, such as minocycline, that can be active against various MDR Gram-negative pathogens. The elimination of minocycline by both kidneys and liver makes it suitable for impaired renal function patients. However, the drawback is the possible elimination of a high amount of drug in the intestines, with potential impact on the digestive microbiota during treatment.

Controlling harmful microorganisms, such as Listeria monocytogenes, can require reliable inactivation steps, including those providing conditions (e.g., using high salt content) in which the pathogen could be progressively inactivated. Exposure to osmotic stress could result, however, in variation in the number of survivors, which needs to be carefully considered through appropriate dispersion measures for its impact on intervention practices.

An integrated understanding of factors influencing the occurrence, distribution, and fate of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in vegetable production systems is needed to inform the design and development of strategies for mitigating the potential for antibiotic resistance propagation in the food chain.

Background

by Maria N. Ayala, Denise Y. P. Henriques

by Duygu Demiroz, Ekaterini Platanitis, Michael Bryant, Philipp Fischer, Michaela Prchal-Murphy, Alexander Lercher, Caroline Lassnig, Manuela Baccarini, Mathias Müller, Andreas Bergthaler, Veronika Sexl, Marlies Dolezal, Thomas Decker

To determine the prevalence of multidrug (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) pathogens from pediatric blood samples Methods: In total, 4543 children's blood samples were processed in the BacT/ALERT system. Confirmation of the isolates and MIC was determined in VITEK® 2 system. Molecular identification of blaIMP, blaVIM and blaOXA-48 was done by PCR.

Author(s): Da-Mao Xu, Rong-Bing Fu, Yun-Hua Tong, Dao-Lu Shen, Xiao-Pin Guo

The tea shrub is grown in long-standing orchards, an environment that is suitable for persistent weed growth, which is increasingly controlled by herbicides. Therefore, there is increasing concern that tea consumers may be exposed to herbicide residues.

Rapid assessment of heavy metal (HM) pollution in mining areas is urgently required for further remediation. Here, hyperspectral technology was used to predict HM contents of multi-media environments (tailings, surrounding soils and agricultural soils) in a mining area. The correlation between hyperspectral data and HMs was explored, then the prediction models were established by partial least squares regression (PLSR) and back propagation neural networks (BPNN).

At least 40 toxin subtypes of botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), a heterogenous group of bacterial proteins, are produced by seven different clostridial species. A key factor that drives the diversity of neurotoxigenic clostridia is the association of bont gene clusters with various genomic locations including plasmids, phages and the chromosome. Analysis of Clostridium sporogenes BoNT/B1 strain CDC 1632, C.

Despite concerns about causing bacterial resistance and serious side effects, oral cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones are still frequently prescribed in Germany. We aimed to test a method for the detection of regional quality differences in the use of oral cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones and to apply this to the German federal states.

Journal of Food Safety, EarlyView. This review tries to introduce the novel and promising technology of the nonthermal plasma against different viruses and virus surrogates, which can trigger food infections and gastroenteritis. It has been reported that the noroviruses are responsible for 21 million cases of gastrointestinal illness annually just in the United States.

The pig industry is the principal source of meat products in China, and the presence of pathogens in pig-borne meat is a crucial threat to public health. Salmonella is the major pathogen associated with pig-borne diseases. However, route surveillance by genomic platforms along the food chain is still limited in China. Here, we conducted a study to evaluate the dynamic prevalence of Salmonella in a pig slaughtering process in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.

Bacterial biofilms are communities of cells enclosed in an extracellular polymeric matrix in which cells adhere to each other and to foreign surfaces. The development of a biofilm is a dynamic process that involves multiple steps, including cell-surface attachment, matrix production, and population expansion. Increasing evidence indicates that biofilm adhesion is one of the main factors contributing to biofilm-associated infections in clinics and biofouling in industrial settings.

Fungi in acid mine drainage (AMD) environments are of great concern due to their potentials of decomposing organic carbon, absorbing heavy metals and reducing AMD acidity. Based on morphological analysis and ITS/18S high-throughput sequencing technology, previous studies have provided deep insights into the diversity and community composition of fungi in AMD environments.

ABSTRACT Serpentine soils are drought-prone and rich in heavy metals, and plants growing on serpentine soils host distinct microbial communities that may affect plant survival and phenotype. However, whether the rhizosphere communities of plants from different soil chemistries are initially distinct or diverge over time may help us understand drivers of microbial community structure and function in stressful soils.

ABSTRACT The microbiome of an aquifer contaminated by landfill leachate and undergoing intrinsic remediation was characterised using 16S rRNA metabarcoding. The archaeal/bacterial V3–V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced using Illumina MiSeq, and multivariate statistics were applied to make inferences.